Grade 8 EUROPEANS IN INDIA. Introduction Many trading companies were formed in Europe for trade with India and other parts of Asia and Africa. These trading.

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Presentation transcript:

Grade 8 EUROPEANS IN INDIA

Introduction Many trading companies were formed in Europe for trade with India and other parts of Asia and Africa. These trading companies which mainly belonged to Portugal, Holland, England, France and Denmark, established their trading centres in different parts of India too. Most of these centres were in coastal areas and were used as warehouses for trading goods. These trading centres were known as ‘factories’. However, nothing was manufactured here. They got this name as the company officials, also called ‘factors’, resided (lived) here.

PORTUGUESE SETTLEMENTS The first to arrive in India were the Portuguese, towards the end of the 15 th century. They established their headquarters in Goa, Daman and Diu on the western coast of India. Until the 16th century, they established their monopoly (complete control) over trade in India. With the arrival of other European companies, the Portuguese lost their influence as well as their monopoly over Indian trade.

DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY It was formed in They had important factories in India at Masulipatanam, Chinsura, Nagapattinam, Patna, Balasore and Cochin. Dutch activities in India resulted in rivalry between the Dutch and the English. They were later removed by the English and the French from the important position that they had earlier held.

ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY It was established in the year 1600, by a small group of English merchants. The Queen of England, Elizabeth I, granted them the Company exclusive rights to trade with the East. The Company made enormous profits by buying eastern goods and selling them at high prices in the European market. The Queen received a share of the Company’s profit. The EEIC set up its first factory at Surat in Sir Thomas Roe, the English ambassador to the court of Jahangir, got many trade concessions for the Company from the Mughal emperor. By the beginning of the 18 th century, several British trading companies had joined together and formed one Company called the United east India Company.

THE FRENCH EAST INDIA COMPANY It was formed in Its headquarters was based in Pondicherry. When the French arrived in India, the English were already well settled along the coastal regions.