RXTE Pursuit of Variability and X-ray States …plus a Few Fun Memories Ron Remillard, MIT Kavli Center for Astrophysics & collaborators (Jeff McClintock & CfA BH Spin team; Dacheng Lin & Jeroen Homan; Joey Neilsen)
Outline Black Hole Binaries and their X-ray States A Few Comparisons with Neutron Stars Comments on Unsolved Problems Inspiring Memories
Normalized CDs/HIDs of Black Hole GX339-4 Frequent outbursts & faint hard states Thermal x Hard (jet) Steep Power Law Intermediate O
Normalized CDs/HIDs of Black Hole XTE J Thermal x Hard (jet) Steep Power Law Intermediate O
Normalized CDs/HIDs of Black Hole Cyg X-1
? SPL bit more stable than INT state at 1% L Edd (d=1.86 kpc; Reid et al. 2011)
Normalized CDs/HIDs of Neutron Star 4U bursts removed
Normalized CDs/HIDs of Neutron Star 4U Super burst Hz pulsations Feb 22, 2001 Strohmayer & Markwardt 2002
Normalized CDs/HIDs of Neutron Star 4U kHz QPOs 858 (37%) of 2314 > 4 Often very high Q = / e.g., Barret et al. 2007; Belloni et al. 2007; Mendez 2006
Unsolved: Steep Power Law & High Freq. QPOs compact corona; high optical depth; ~ 2.5QPOs at 300, 450 Hz No NS spectra like this!Low optical depth? Promising concept: magnetized accretion disk?
Unsolved: Steep Power Law & High Freq. QPOs compact corona; high optical depth; ~ 2.5QPOs at 184, 276 Hz Also: GRS ; XTE J ; H , etc.
Unsolved: Accretion Disk Winds Chandra HETG : Transient absorption features Disk winds in soft states. Magnetic and/or thermal driven ? (Miller et al. 2004; Ueda et al. 2004; Miller et al. 2006a; 2006b; Neilsen & Lee 2009; Ueda et al. 2009; Neilsen et al. 2011; King et al. 2012; Miller et al. 2012) Wind v : hundreds to 9300 km/s Wind mass loss ~ accretion rate in inner disk
Unsolved: Accretion Disk Winds Chandra/RXTE Campaigns on GS Neilsen et al. 2011; Neilsen et al in prep.
Technology for High Count Rate Detectors Era of Astrophysics Applications for general relativity has begun ; X-ray binaries make important contributions Lexicon of Scientific Adversity: pileup; saturation; high deadtime; low percentage telemetry Advocate Technology Support for Detector Improvements Si pixel detectors Microcalorimeter fine-pixel arrays
Great Memories Jan. 1996: Jean Swank in pajamas! (after sleeping in side office at RXTE SOC) GSFC Spacecraft Engineering Design Rescue; Extraordinary Skill & Success Keywords: dedication, responsibility, commitment, leadership Hale Bradt quote (1985): “If you accept the instrument team offer, then this job could last…. Ummh… uh… maybe 5 years! Final comment: Let Our Fun Truck-on