University of the Western Cape Department of Earth Sciences Bellville, South Africa. Acknowledgements: Chris Samakinde would like to thank Inkaba yeAfrica,

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
School of Earth and Environment Geochemical reaction rates following porewater acidification Murray Allan Alison Turner Bruce Yardley
Advertisements

Title Petrophysical Analysis of Fluid Substitution in Gas Bearing Reservoirs to Define Velocity Profiles – Application of Gassmann and Krief Models Digital.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION Figure 1: High-level workflow for the assessment of potential interaction of CO 2 geological storage with other basin resources,
PETROG The only tool for digital petrography data collection, management, analysis, presentation and sharing.
For hydrocarbons. OPEN ROUND COLOMBIA 2010 CAUCA-PATIA AREA January, 2010.
Dissolution and Precipitation
Seismic Stratigraphy EPS 444
Geological and Petrophysical Analysis Of Reservoir Cores
Pore-scale modelling of carbonates 1 Hiroshi Okabe Petroleum Engineering and Rock Mechanics Research Group Department of Earth Science and Engineering.
LABORATORY DETERMINATION OF POROSITY
1 International Clay Conference,14-20 June 2009 Hydration sequence for swelling clays F. Salles 1,2, O. Bildstein 1, I. Beurroies 3, J.M. Douillard 2 M.
Diagenesis of Siliciclastics
EAS 430: Petroleum Geology
HYDROCARBON PETROLEUM SYSTEM
Lecture items Neutron log * Definition. * Types
Well logging course for fourth year
Clay Diagenesis in Tutuila, American Samoa Chris Bartek 2010/11/30.
Hydrocarbons: getting the last drops out and putting the CO2 back in Stephen Flint and colleagues Earth and Ocean Sciences First UoL Energy day, June 23.
Measurement of Carbonate Minerals in Aerosol Samples- A Preliminary Study Johann Engelbrecht Desert Research Institute.
TEMPLATE DESIGN © Carbon Sequestration: Super Critical CO 2 ’s effect on subsurface brines in the Illinois Basin Daniel.
Unconventional Petrophysical Analysis in Unconventional Reservoirs
DETERMINATION OF CO 2 AND H 2 S INFLUENCE ON MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION AND PETROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF AQUIFER AND CAP ROCKS Krzysztof Labus 1),
G. Leśniak 1, R. Cicha-Szot 1, M. Stadtmüller 1, M. Mroczkowska-Szerszeń 1, L. Dudek 1, G. Tallec 2, A. Butcher 2, H. Lemmens 2, P. Such 1 1 Oil and Gas.
Some basic Log interpretation
X-Ray Diffraction for Soils
Ron Cherry, Maged Fam and Emiliano López
Analogs for Fault-controlled Ordovician Dolomite Reservoirs, Appalachian Basin: Geological and geophysical characterization of Central Kentucky outcrops.
Facies, Depositional Environments and Sandstone Composition of the Late Ordovician Glacio- fluvial Sanamah Member, Wajid Formation, South West Saudi Arabia.
Applying Fluid Inclusions to Petroleum Exploration and Production.
Sediment Properties Determined through Magnetotellurics
OIL RECOVERY MECHANISMS AND THE MATERIAL BALANCE EQUATION
The geochemistry of Thai paddy soils
Dr. Tark Hamilton Camosun College
Illite TOT 2:1 layer clay KAl 2 (AlSi 3 O 10 )(OH) 2 (Muscovite) Presented by Paul Sandlin.
PETROGRAPHY OF TRENTON/BLACK RIVER CARBONATE RESERVOIRS, APPALACHIAN BASIN.
POROSITY DETERMINATION
Geology 5660/6660 Applied Geophysics 23 Apr 2014 © A.R. Lowry 2014 Last Time: Wireline Logging Wireline Logging is the practice of lowering a geophysical.
Guney Formation Oil Reservoir Rock Characterization, Eregli- Ulukisla Basin Ayfer ÖZDEMİR.
HYDRATION SEQUENCE of SWELLING CLAYS EXCHANGED with MIXED ALKALI/ALKALI-EARTH CATIONS F. Salles 1, O. Bildstein 2, J.M. Douillard 1, B. Prelot 1, J. Zajac.
CO 2 storage capacity estimates for South Africa: The uncertainties and way forward J.H.A. Viljoen, M. Cloete, F.D.J. Stapelberg and N. Hicks.
Natural Antibacterial Clay Mineralogy ~ Medical Geology ~ Clélia Tommi & Dr. Lynda Williams School of Earth & Space Exploration.
A Petrophysically valid Xu- White Velocity Model Andy May March 19, 2014.
SANDSTONE HETEROGENEITY Heterogeneity (essentially nonuniformity) in sandstone reservoirs is controlled by the following factors; (modified from Weber,
Seismic Data Driven Reservoir Analysis FORT CHADBOURNE 3-D Coke and Runnels Counties, TX ODOM LIME AND GRAY SAND.
Capillary Pressure and Saturation History Capillary Pressure in Reservoir Rock.
CE 3354 Engineering Hydrology Lecture 21: Groundwater Hydrology Concepts – Part 1 1.
Omotoye S. J.1, Fadiya S. L.2 , Adesiyan T. A.3 and Akinsanpe O.T.4
Childers Cove 1 Quicklook Petrophysics. Depth corrected Uncorrected Waarre Deeper Sand Nomenclature used in this document.
Reservoirs Heterogeneity Characterization of the Shajara Member: Permo- Carboniferous Unayzah Formation *Al-Khidir, K. E., **Al-Laboun, A. A., ***AlQuraishi,
Geology 5660/6660 Applied Geophysics 20 Apr 2016
Logo here… Assessments of the Effects of Clay Diagenesis on some Petrophysical Properties of lower Cretaceous Sandstones, Offshore Orange basin, South.
Empirical Mode Decomposition of Geophysical Well log Data of Bombay Offshore Basin, Mumbai, India Gaurav S. Gairola and E. Chandrasekhar Department of.
Ongoing and Future Work Computed Tomography (CT) Scanning of Cores CT scanning of rock cores enable non-destructive fine scale characterization of rock.
Petroleum System – Source Rock
LABORATORY DETERMINATION OF POROSITY
Lecture 12 Clay Minerals Clay and organic matter in the soil provide the negative absorptive sites or Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)
Capillary Pressure and Saturation History Capillary Pressure in Reservoir Rock .
Logo here… PORE PRESSURE PREDICTION OF SOME SELECTED WELLS; INSIGHT FROM THE SOUTHERN PLETMOS BASIN, OFFSHORE SOUTH AFRICA. Oluwatoyin Ayodele, Mimonitu.
Diagenesis and reservoir properties of the Permian Ecca Group sandstones and mudrocks in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa C. BAIYEGUNHI 1, K. LIU.
Advance Seismic Interpretation Project
Opuwari et al_LASUFOC_2017
Investigating the link between provenance and reservoir quality, in the Slyne Basin, Offshore Western Ireland. Jessica Franklin and Shane Tyrrell Earth.
Effect of pore-size controlled solubility on mineralization, porosity, and permeability in porous media: a combined experimental and theoretical study.
Seismic attribute applications:
PETROPHYSICS: ROCK/LOG/SEISMIC CALIBRATION
by Agus M. Ramdhan, and Neil R. Goulty
Petrophysical study of Szolnok Formation, Endrod Gas Field, Hungary
Capillary Pressure and Saturation History Capillary Pressure in Reservoir Rock .
Capillary Pressure and Saturation History Capillary Pressure in Reservoir Rock .
QUANTITATIVE RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION USING ROCK PHYSICS, SEISMIC AND GEOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS – EXAMPLES FROM SEMLIKI BASIN IN ALBERTINE GRABEN By Nakajigo.
Presentation transcript:

University of the Western Cape Department of Earth Sciences Bellville, South Africa. Acknowledgements: Chris Samakinde would like to thank Inkaba yeAfrica, DST, NRF, GFZ as well as supervisors Mimonitu Opuwari and J van bever Donker. Clay minerals diagenesis and its effects on the petrophysical properties of clastic reservoirs is an integral part of reservoir quality prediction and an important aspect in building an accurate reservoir model. Previous studies on the Orange basin revealed that chlorite and quartz cements have significantly compromised the reservoir quality in this basin but it is expected that the reservoirs show better improvement basinward (deeper waters), an analogy of this is displayed by Tertiary sandstones deposit, offshore Angola. This poster present results from reservoir quality evaluation performed by integrating geological, geochemical and geophysical tools to substantiate the effects of clay minerals distribution and its subsequent diagenesis on the intrinsic properties (porosity, permeability and saturation) of reservoirs encountered within three wells in block 3A (deeper waters), offshore Orange basin. Introduction Figure1: Location map of study area in Orange Basin, Offshore South Africa showing wells of study Methodology and Materials Core Description for lithology identification, depositional environment determination by observing different sedimentary structure estimation. Estimation of Petrophysical properties (Porosity, Permeability and Saturation) from wireline logs using different petrophysical models in the interactive petrophysics software and juxtaposed with the values from core analysis reports to ascertain precision. Petrographic` analysis (SEM,XRD, EDS) to identify different types of diagenetic clay minerals present in the reservoirs, identify different elements that could be a pointer to the type of clay minerals and to observe the effects on pore spaces. Geochemical analysis (pH, EC, TDS and CEC) to calibrate with the observations made from Petrographic analysis, understand the effects of pore water chemistry on clay minerals diagenesis and to identify in specifics the type of clay minerals in the reservoirs. Twenty core samples were analysed for Geochemical and Petrographic purpose Results (Petrophysics) AU- 1 wavy ripple marks at depth of m AU-1 Well KF-1 Well Parallel lamination at depth 3070m KH-1 Analytical studies Geochemical studies Petrophysical Studies Petrographic Studies Pore water chemistry Cation exchang e capacity SEM/ EDS Porosity estimation Permeability estimation Saturation estimation Clay Diagenetic Model Thinsection Analysis X-ray Diffractome tre Results (Petrography SEM, XRD AND EDS from core sample showing quartz and kaolinite at depth of m for AU1well Water escape structure at depth m Parallel lamination at depth 3070m Q A Q A P k M P SEM and EDS from core sample showing pyrite at depth of m for AU-1 Well A Q i K SEM, EDS and XRD from core sample showing chlorite and albitization at depth m for KF-1 well 3A12Si2O5(OH)4 + 2KA1Si Na 2NaAlSi308+ 2KA13Si30 10 (OH) 2 + 3H 2 0 (Grigsby,2001) Po SEM and EDS from core sample showing pore filled kaolinite at depth of m for KF-1 Well SEM, EDS and XRD from core sample showing mixed I and Kaolinite at depth m for KH-1 well I pOpO HK I Q Ca K SEM and EDS from core sample showing pore filled kaolinite( Dickite) at depth of m for KH-1 Well Results (Geochemistry) Pore water Chemistry plots of AU-1 well WellsVolume of Clay (%) Porosity (%) Permeabilit y(Md) Water Saturation (%) KF KH AU Figure 5 Porewater Chemistry and CEC plots of wells studied Conclusions Smectite Increase Mixed clay mineral Illite or Chlorite likely After Worden and Morad (2003) The reservoir within KF-1 well is approximately 5m thick and has an extreme low permeability value averaging 0.01 md, core porosity of 10 %, sonic log derived porosity of 14.6 % and average gas and water saturation of 18 % and 82% respectively (Simandoux model). AU-1 well reservoir is 6.5 metres thick with an estimated average value of 10 % for neutron and density porosity,10% core porosity, permeability of 0.015md, VCL (volume of clay) of 32 % and water saturation value of 65 %. KH-1 well has a reservoir thickness of about 9 m while water saturation estimated from Simandoux saturation model is 50 %, Density porosity value is low with an average of 8.9 %, VCL of 30 % and extreme low permeability value of 0.09 mD. There were consistent presence of kaolinite, montmorillonite and quartz cement within the reservoirs of the three wells from observations made from SEM, SEM also revealed the presence of chlorite at a deeper depth, chlorite might have been formed from kaolinite due to the presence of Mg and Fe as observed from EDS plus alkaline pore fluids as interpreted from the pore water pH. SEM also revealed the presence of illite in KH-1 well which is not present in the other two wells (AU-1 and KF-1). XRD confirms the presence of these minerals as observed from SEM interpretation and specifically the presence of illite in KH-1, it however does not indicate the presence of chlorite. Other cements such as albite, siderite, calcite and halite were also detected from the XRD.Thin section analysis reveals the presence of glauconite in KF-1 well and KH-1 well, this observation implies marine environment influence in the reservoirs, this is further justified by the detection of halite from XRD. The pH of pore waters in all wells ranges from slightly acidic nature to predominant alkaline pore fluids, specifically from while CEC ranges between meq/100g for AU-1 well, meq/100g for KF-1 well, and meq/100g for KH-1 well. The values above suggest the dominance of mixed clay minerals of kaolinite-smectite and smectite-illite layers coupled with the occurrence of chlorite and illite which may have formed at a later stage of the paragenetic sequence. It was deduced that the pervasive cementation by quartz, calcite, montmorillonite, chlorite and illite cements exerted a major effect on the porosity and permeability of lower Cretaceous sandstones in block 3A, Orange basin. Judging by this study, the peculiar Orange basin reservoir quality problems persist and ultra deep waters may be further explored for reservoirs with better quality. Table 1: Petrophysical values Estimated Figure 2: Analytical methods Figure 3: Petrophysical properties estimated from logs in three wells Figure 4: SEM, EDS and XRD at selected depth of three wells studied