Impacts of Livestock Waste on Surface Water Quality By the North Dakota Department of Health Division of Water Quality For the Livestock Manure Nutrient Management Workshops Devils Lake - March 7-8 Valley City - March 9-10 Dickinson - March Minot - March 16-17
Beneficial Uses of Water Drinking Water/ Human Health Recreation Industrial Agricultural Aquatic Life
Pollutants Associated With Livestock Waste Nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.) Ammonia Nitrate BOD ( times) Pathogens (E. coli, Cryptosporidium) TSS Hormones Antibiotics
Impact On Surface Water Quality
Scale of Impacts Local (upstream / downstream) Watershed Statewide
Local Impacts Chemical Impacts Physical/Habitat Impacts
Local Impacts Chemical Impacts –Nutrient impacts based on monitoring conducted on livestock waste systems in the Big Sioux River watershed –Acknowledgements to Dave German, SDSU, Brookings, SD
Miller Feedlot North of Oakwood Lake Before Installation of the Animal Waste System
Miller Feedlot After construction of the Animal Waste System Looking North
Miller Feedlot After construction of the Animal Waste System Looking South toward Oakwood Lake
Animal Waste System Installed
28 Samples 21 Samples 28 Samples 21 Samples
28 Samples 27 Samples 21 Samples 28 Samples 27 Samples 21 Samples
27 Samples 21 Samples
Watershed Effects
20,000 acres - 12,000 crop - 8,000 pasture 4 ag waste sites head head head - 1,500 head
BMPs Applied 6,000 acres of cropland treated with no-till –7.20 per acre for 2 years = $86,400 All 4 ag waste sites treated with total containment –Assumes annual lot clean out and utilization on cropland in watershed –$ 50,000 per system (no frills) = $200,000
Total Nitrogen Reduction Source Loading Before Treatment (lbs/year) Load Reduction w/ BMPs (lbs/year) Loading After Treatment (lbs/year) Percent Reduction Cropland 52, , ,433.4 (22.9) head (80) head 2, , (80) head 4, , (80) head 14, , ,886.2 (80) 38.0 Total 75, , ,051.4 (40.3) 100.0
Total Phosphorus Reduction Source Loading Before Treatment (lbs/year) Load Reduction w/ BMPs (lbs/year) Loading After Treatment (lbs/year) Percent Reduction Cropland 15,464.54, ,928.4 (29.3) head (90) head (90) head (90) head 2,886.22, (90) 29.9 Total 20,082.48, ,390.2 (43.3) 100.0
Statewide Effects
2004 Integrated Water Quality Assessment Report Recreational use impaired for an estimated 3,850 miles of rivers and streams, due to pathogens (Fecal coliform) Approximately 2,515 river and stream miles impaired for aquatic life use due to habitat degradation
2004 Integrated Water Quality Assessment Report Nutrient enrichment is affecting approximately 149,850 lake acres in the state