G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology PMT tubes PMT bases PMT asic’s Automatic tester for PMT bases Camac test set-up for PMT tubes LeCroy test set-up for PMT modules Future testing of many PMT modules in parallel? KM3NeT PMT’s 30 Januari 2013KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 1

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Currently PMT tubes from 3 manufacturers: ETEL, Hamamatsu and HZC-Photonics Different PMT types per manufacturer Different pinning diameter and layout of the pins Different High Voltage division between pins In principle one PMT base design sufficient for all PMT types Only minor schematics adjustments to adjust for HV division But different PCB layout due to different pin layout Base PCB layout is very critical due to minimal space and HV Each PMT type needs an unique PMT base !!! PMT tubes KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 2 30 Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 3 30 Januari 2013 ETEL Hamamatsu

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology One DOM of PPM-DU uses Hamamatsu PMT R Hamamatsu PMT R is probably not the final type No special PMT base PMT R will be produced 33 ETEL bases are modified for Hamamatsu R Hamamatsu PMT’s for PPM-DU KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 4 30 Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Current pin layout is a problem for PCB layout of the base Hamamatsu is requested to change the pin layout Start PCB layout of unique Hamamatsu base is pending Hamamatsu PMT for KM3NeT Phase 1 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 5 30 Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 6 30 Januari 2013 PMT PCB layout very critical due to minimal space and HV

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Block diagram of PMT KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 7 30 Januari 2013 CoCo PROMiS

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology HV circuit, for 10 dynodes PMT Low ripple 706 mV < T(°C) < % 8.5 < T(°C) < 22.1 Voltage stabilization 0.95% on 38% input variation Vripple < 150 mV/dynode Low power Vinput 3.3V mA 3v3 at V < 4.5 mW (commercial available 50 mW) Low RFI dV/dt < 75 mV/µs, RFI kHz-10 MHz Adjustable HV cathode voltage -700 till V Small foot print PCB = mm Ø Amplifier charge input: 160 fC (corresponds with 1 pe and PMT gain of 1x10^6) Specifications of High Voltage circuit KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 8 30 Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology ETEL PMT D783FLA base with PROMiS_v2 and CoCo_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille 9 30 Januari 2013 CoCoPROMiS

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology PROMiS_v2 and CoCo_v2 asic’s KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Block diagram of CoCo_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Specifications of CoCo_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Block diagram of PROMiS_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Specifications of the PROMiS_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013 A front end ASIC for the readout of the PMT in the KM3NeT detector – D. Gajanana et. al.

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology PROMiS_v2 QuantityTotal costsUnit Price MPW run210€ 8,200€ Engineering run50,000€ 95,000€ 1.90 Low volume run350,000€ 110,000€ 0.32 Total400,210 € 213,200€ 0.54 CoCo_v2 QuantityTotal costsUnit Price MPW run210€ 8,200€ Engineering run50,000€ 145,000€ 2.90€ 50,000 for test handler! Low volume run350,000€ 115,000€ 0.33 Total400,210 € 268,200€ 0.67 Preliminary costs estimation of PROMiS_v2 and CoCo_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Depending on final size of KM3NeT up to around 400,000 PMT bases have to be produced and tested For this big volume production the bases have to be tested during production by the assembling company(ies) Automatic test set-up is being designed suitable to be placed at and operated by assembling company Test program in LabView will indicate a pass or fail when the base is tested. In case of a fail, the program will pinpoint to the area on the base causing the failure Removable mechanical adapters for different type of PMT bases Automatic tester for PMT bases KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Mechanical overview of tester KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013 PMT Base adapter set with contact pins PMT base to be tested Mother board HV measurement unit (Mezzanine) FPGA board with USB interface to PC

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Principle of mechanical PMT base adapter KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Motherboard with mezzanine and adapter connectors KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology PCB layout of HV measurement units KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013 Pr om is PROMIS Pr o mi s CoCo CW High Voltage circuit HV measurement unit 1 supply HV barrier HV measurement unit 14 supply HV barrier PMT base adapter Control Board PMT Tail Adapter Voltage Adjustment and Current measurement Test PROMIS outputs Safety system Electronics for charge inject PROMIS Test HV Control And I2C Digital value HV control Digital value of inter dynode voltages Digital value for charge adjust Digital value PROMIS outputs CoCo test frequentie and pulswidth Digital values frequentie ad pulswidth PMT base Discharge capacitors from CW high voltage circuit

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology PMT base tester FPGA board KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Camac set-up to test PMT tubes KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Block diagram of Camac test set-up KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology LeCroy test set-up for PMT’s with base KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013 Pulse generator Light Source Counter Pseudo Octopus board LemoDriver I2C Control NI USB Dark Box ToT signal Trigger

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology 1.Set HV of PMT at value for gain of 5x10^6 2.Without light, measure dark count frequency (<2KHz) 3.Make histogram of dark count ToT 4.Set pulse oscillator at 100KHz 5.Set amplitude of pulse oscillator such that frequency on counter is: darkcount + 10KHz. Amount of light from light source is now a single photon 6.Trigger LeCroy on pulse generator and make histogram of ToT (small peak at 31ns) 7.Make histogram of time between trigger and rising edge of ToT signal. This gives the TTS LeCroy measurements KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Depending on the yield only test samples of PMT tubes (PMT tubes are already tested by manufacturer) Test all PMT bases before soldering on PMT tube Preferable and if possible have PMT bases produced, tested and soldered on PMT by PMT manufacturer Test all PMT’s with base before DOM assembly Because of high volume testing of PMT’s with base must be done in parallel (long time required in dark box to get quiet) Possibly make use of DOM electronics with electrical interface to test PC (test 31 PMT’s with base in parallel) Need to find institute to develop test set-up !!! Future testing of many PMT’s with base in parallel ? KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Every PMT type needs a unique PMT base PCB layout of PMT base is critical due to space and HV Layout PMT base(s) for KM3NeT phase 1 still to design PROMiS and CoCo asic’s are ready for large production PMT base tester is being developed to enable testing during assembly by company New test set-up needed to test many PMT’s with base in parallel Need to find institute to work on development of this test set-up Summary KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Thank you !!! KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Questions ? KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Backup Sheets KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology MinTypMax VDDD3.0 V3.3 V3.6 V IDDD0.2 mA1 mA2 mA SW500 Hz50 kHz60 kHz Frequency depends on the capacitor connected to CF (PIN1) SW200 ns6.5 us7.5 us CSNS80 mV100 mV200 mV Specifications of CoCo_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology CoCo – Cockroft Walton Feedback Control Circuit CoCo – Cockroft Walton Feedback Control Circuit Pin out and chip schematics KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology CoCo_v2 Bonding Diagram KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Time resolution : 2ns (Photon arrival time accuracy) Time-over-Threshold : 1pe → 25ns (1E6 e - )..10pe → 350ns ( e - ) LVDS signaling. Analog Output buffer (see next slide). I 2 C slow control. Comparator threshold adjustment: 0.8V – 2.4V Resolution : 8bits (bin size = 6.25mV) Reference voltages for High Voltage circuit: 1.9V …2.7V (resolution 8bits) → High Voltage: -700V …-1500V Power consumption : ~ 20mW Technology: 0.35 μ m CMOS (AustriaMicroSystems) Immunity to dirty Power supplies Immunity to voltage breakdowns originated in the PMT Specifications of the PROMiS_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Layout PROMiS_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari mm 1.7 mm LVDS-(1) LVDS+(2) GNDD(3) Vthr(4) VDDA(7)GNDA(6) Preamp(5) HVDAC(8) Pptrim_busy (open) SCL(11) SDA(10) PDIO(9) VDDD(13) GNDD(14) Anabuf+(15) VDDD(13)Clk_enable (12) GNDD(14) Anabuf-(16)Global_reset (14) Bondpad name (package pin number)

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology PROMiS_v2 Bonding Diagram KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013

G. Kieft Nikhef Amsterdam Electronics- Technology Analog signal output of PROMiS_v2 KM3NeT Collaboration Meeting - Marseille Januari 2013