Cells & Heredity Lesson 1.2 Looking Inside Cells 6 th Science

 Organelles – tiny ______________in a cell that carry out specific ____________  Cell Wall – a rigid layer of ____________ material that __________ the cells of plants and some other organisms  Cell walls help ___________ and ______________ the cell  Cells of plants and some other organisms have cell __________  Cells of animals and some other organisms ____________ cell walls

 Cell membrane – controls what ________________ come into and out of a cell  All cells have cell __________________  For cells with cell walls, it is just inside the cell _____________  For cells without cell walls, it forms the outside _____________________ of the cell

 Nucleus – large, oval structure that acts as the _____________ of the cell  The nucleus is the cell’s ___________________, directing all of the cell’s activities.  The nucleus is surrounded by a ________________________ through which materials pass in and out of the nucleus  Chromatin – floating in the nucleus and contain _____________ material, or the instructions for cell functions  Nucleolus – in the nucleus; where _________________ are made

 Cytoplasm – region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; contains many _________________  The organelles function to produce energy, build and transport needed materials, and store and recycle wastes  Mitochondria – in the ___________; produce most of the ____________ that the cell needs (“powerhouses”); more numerous in more active cells than less active cells  Endoplasmic Reticulum – a maze of passageways that carry ____________ and other materials from one part of the cell to the other

 Ribosomes – small, grain-like bodies that are either attached to the outer surface of the ________________________ or “floating” in the _______________ that produce proteins  Golgi bodies – collections of sacs and tubes that distribute _____________ and other materials throughout the cell; they also release materials _____________ the cell

 Chloroplasts – in plants and some other organisms, large, green structures that capture energy from _____________ and use it to produce _________ for the cell (give plants their green color)  Vacuole – stores ____________ and other materials in the cell; most plants cells and some animal cells have one  Lysosomes – small, round structures that break down __________ and recycle old cell parts

 Bacterial cells are usually _____________ than plant or animal cells  Bacterial cells have a cell wall and a cell membrane, but do not contain a ________________  Bacterial cells contain _________________, but non of the other organelles found in plant or animal cells Bacterial Cells

 In many-celled organisms, the cells are often quite different from each other