 Drainage system: transports proteins and fluids that have leaked out of the capillaries back to the bloodstream  Absorbs lipids (fats) from the small intestine and transports to the bloodstream  Defends the body against foreign organisms…bacteria and viruses by teaming up the lymphocytes, monocytes, lymph nodes, spleen and thymus gland to produce antibodies to fight on a cellular level

 Is a clear, watery fluid that surrounds body cells….aka interstitial fluid(which lives in the interstitial space between cells)  Contains two types of white cells….lymphocytes and monocytes.  Also contains: water, salts, sugar, urea and creatinine  Originates from blood  Flows in lymph capillaries, vessels, lymph nodes, and lymphatic organs (liver, spleen, thymus and nodes

 Lymph  No pump  Leukocytes ( White Blood Cells ) Lymphocytes Monocytes  Interstitial Fluid Water Less protein & other plasma components Lipids (from small intestines  Blood  Pump: Heart  All blood cells Erythrocytes Leukocytes Platelets  Plasma Water Proteins Salts, nutrients, lipids, and wastes

lymph capillaries lymph vessels lymph nodes cervical lymph nodes axillary lymph nodes mediastinal lymph nodes inguinal right lymphatic duct thoracic duct large veins

 Macrophages phagocytose foreign substances  B lymphocytes (B cells) produce antibodies; mature in the bone marrow  T lymphocytes (T cells) attack bacteria and foreign cells; originate in the thymus gland

 aka lymphoedema  is a condition of fluid retention caused by a damaged lymphatic system  in men….primary site lower limbs due to treatment for prostate, colon or testicular cancer if lymph nodes removed or damaged

allows lymphocytes to recognize “self” antigens to help prevent autoimmune disease (tolerance) develops immunity during childhood failure of tolerance process leads to autoimmune diseases

 Examples are rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus.  These are chronic, disabling diseases caused by the abnormal production of antibodies against normal body tissues. Chronic, disabling diseases caused by abnormal production of antibodies against normal body tissues.

 is present at birth and is NOT dependant on specific immune response or a previous contact with the infectious agent neutrophil Phagocyte

attacks a marked cell….the antibodies that are formed as part of the body’s immune defense marks a bacteria or virus for destruction

 primitive lymphocytes that destroy tumor cells and virally infected cells

 can occur with an infection OR  with a vaccination of a modified toxin Children taking part in a malaria study in Papua New Guinea

Target: microorganisms and infected cells Role: to secrete antibodies that attach to microorganisms or cells thereby helping to destroy them © Armand-Frappier Museum, All rights reserved

Target: infected cell Role: to kill infected cells aka….Cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

dust mites intradermal skin test

 AIDS  Group of clinical signs and symptoms associated with suppression of the immune system and marked by opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and neurologic problems.  Caused by HIV (destroys helper T cells)

Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1. Malignant tumor of the lymph nodes and spleen marked by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in lymph nodes… A.HIV B.Kaposi sarcoma C.Non-Hodgkins lymphoma D.Hodgkin disease

Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2. Which is the formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen? A.Cell-mediated immunity B.Acquired immunity C.Natural immunity

1. Which lymphocyte originates in the bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies? A. Dendritic cell B. Helper T cell C. B cell D. Cytotoxic T cell

Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3. What is a malignant condition associated with AIDS? A.anaphylaxis B.non-Hodgkin lymphoma C.Kaposi sarcoma D.Hodgkin disease

Copyright © 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4. What is the fluid that lies between cells throughout the body? A. atopy B. lymphadema C. interstitial D. lymphopoiesis