HOW ROCKS FORM By: Ms. Avery
Types of Rocks Igneous Rocks: Rocks formed by magma Intrusive: form when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface Extrusive: when lava hardens on surface of Earth Metamorphic Rock: Form when existing rocks are changed by heat and pressure Foliated: When rocks under pressure or when minerals crystallize to form “bands” or folds in the rock Non-foliated: no banded texture
Types of Rocks Sedimentary Rocks: Form when solids settle our of a fluid such as water or air Clastic: weathered bits of rocks and minerals Ex. Clay, Quartz Chemical (or Biochemical): when dissolved minerals precipitate from water solutions Ex. Limestone, rock salt, flint
Sedimentary Rocks (continued) Caused by: Weathering Physical: water, wind, ice, gravity Chemical: reactions with water, acid rain, or other chemicals Erosion: caused by weathering and removal of rock Deposition: depositing of rock Compaction: squeezes or compacts rocks Cementation: dissolved minerals are deposited in cracks of sediments
continued Foliation is when trees or other plants grow up through a rock and cause it to weaken. Bedding is when rocks build up on the edge of a water source such as a river.