PRONOUN -- word that takes the place of a noun, a group of words acting as a noun, or another pronoun -- the word or group of words to which a pronoun refers is called the antecedent

Examples  Though Gina was born in Wisconsin, she grew to love the landscape of the American Southwest.  When Gina and Allen were married in 1924, both were famous artists.  Though Gina herself was a painter, her husband was a photographer.

Personal & Possessive Pronouns -- personal: refers to a specific person, place, thing, or idea by indicating the person speaking (1 st person), person or people being spoken to (2 nd person), or any other person, place, thing, or idea being discussed (3 rd person) -- possessive: takes the place of the possessive form of a noun

Personal Pronouns SINGULARPLURAL 1 st personI, mewe, us 2 nd personyouyou 3 rd personhe, him, shethey, them her, it ***3 rd person singular pronouns also express gender. He and him are masculine; she and her are feminine; it is neuter.***

1 st person:The song was dedicated to me. (me refers to the person speaking) 2 nd person:Sam will copy the paper for you. (you refers to the person being spoken to) 3 rd person:She gave him the news. (she and him refer to the people being talked about) Examples

Possessive Pronouns SINGULARPLURAL 1 st personmy, mineour, ours 2 nd personyour, yoursyour, yours 3 rd personhis, her, hers their, theirs its ***Notice that no possessive personal pronoun contains an apostrophe. It is a serious but common error to mistake its and it’s.***

Practice  Write each pronoun. Identify it by writing 1 st, 2 nd, or 3 rd person. Then write singular or plural. If the pronoun is possessive, write possessive.  1. Mike hit a home run today; it is his first at this school.  2. Lupe and Lisa took their books to lunch.  3. Loren and her brother Patrick are taking a course in CPR; they would like to make medicine their career.  4. A lizard tastes and smells with its tongue.  5. “You probably won’t believe us,” said Ross, “but Sam and I saw a UFO last night as we were on our way home.”  6. Alanna cut her finger, and now it is bandaged.  7. When Tim left for the Math Olympiad, his entire class showed up to wish him luck.  8. Sierra forgot her lunch, but two classmates shared theirs with her.

Answers 1.it: 3 rd singular6. her: 3 rd singular his: 3 rd singular possessivepossessive 2.their: 3 rd plural possessive it: 3 rd singular 3.her: 3 rd singular possessive7. his: 3 rd singular they: 3 rd pluralpossessive their: 3 rd plural possessive him: 3 rd singular 4. its: 3 rd singular possessive8. her: 3 rd singular 5.you: 2 nd singular/pluralpossessive us: 1 st plural theirs: 3 rd plural I: 1 st singularpossessive we: 1st plural her: 3 rd singular our: 1 st plural possessive

Reflexive & Intensive Pronouns SINGULARPLURAL 1 st personmyself ourselves 2 nd personyourself yourselves 3 rd personhimself, herself themselves itself ***Notice that there is no such word as hisself, theirself, or theirselves.***  Formed by adding –self or –selves to certain personal and possessive pronouns

 EXAMPLES Jim uses a stopwatch to time himself on the track. She taught herself to play the piano. We imagined ourselves dancing in a forest.  A reflexive pronoun refers, or reflects back, to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the same person or thing is involved. Always adds information to a sentence!

 EXAMPLES He himself delivered the flowers. You must sign the application yourself. Marcy herself made the bridesmaids’ dresses. Peter, Jamie, and Chris designed the float themselves.  An intensive pronoun adds emphasis to another noun or pronoun in the same sentence.  If the intensive pronoun is left out, the sentence still has the same meaning.

Demonstrative Pronouns  Points out specific persons, places, things, or ideas Singularthisthat Pluralthesethose Examples: This is your locker. That is your assignment. These are the shrubs to be trimmed. My uniform is cleaner than those.

Interrogative & Relative Pronouns Interrogative Pronouns whowhomwhose whatwhichwhoever whomeverwhateverwhichever  Interrogative is used to form questions  Relative is used to begin a special subject-verb word group called a subordinate clause Relative Pronouns whowhichwhoever thatwhomwhomever whichever whatwhose whatever

Examples! Interrogative Who is at the door? Whom would you prefer? Whose is this plaid coat? What is for lunch? Which of these books is your favorite? Whatever were you thinking? Relative The driver who arrived last parked over there. The meal that you prepared was delicious.

Indefinite Pronouns  Refers to persons, places, things, or ideas in a more general way than a noun does EXAMPLES Everybody needs food. Did you get enough to eat? After two bowls of chili, I did not want another. Some Indefinite Pronouns alleverybodyno one anothereveryonenothing anyeverythingone anybodyfewother anyonemanyseveral anythingmostsome bothmuchsomebody eachneithersomeone eithernobodysomething enoughnone

Practice  Write each pronoun. Identify it by writing reflexive, intensive, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, or indefinite.  1. None of the soldiers who left camp this morning have returned.  2. Pointing to the stacked cases, Ariel whispered, “Whoever wins those will never have to buy canned corn again!”  3. Much of the conference involved archeology, and as a result, few attended.  4. The ninth-graders themselves planted the garden, and no one else has cared for the growing plants.  5. Mother taught herself to ski and now teaches the skill to anyone who wants to learn.

Continued….  6. “Whose is this?” asked Ingrid, holding up the half-eaten sandwich that had appeared under the bed.  7. Those whom Mr. Simmons has excused from the test may leave now.  8. Sean and Jake arrived late from Tampa, and as a result, neither got much sleep last night.  9. The president gave himself a month to find a new media expert, but so far no candidates who he has interviewed have been hired.

Answers 1.none: indefinite6. whose: interrogative who: relative this: demonstrative that: relative 2.Whoever: relative7. those: demonstrative those: demonstrative whom: relative 3. much: indefinite8. neither: indefinite few: indefinite9. himself: reflexive 4.themselves: intensive whom: relative no one: indefinite 5.herself: reflexive anyone: indefinite who: relative