Andrew Jackson: Who was he? Champion of the “Common Man”? A Ruthless Tyrant who abused his power A political mastermind Crazy guy who had No Idea what he Was Doing

Awesome Andrew? Defender of the People Loves America A War Hero Boogey Man Checks under his bed for Jackson

JACKSON’S FIRST PRESIDENTIAL RUN THE ELECTION OF 1824

Voting Requirements in the Early 19c

Voter Turnout:

Jackson’s Opponents in 1824 Henry Clay [KY] John Quincy Adams [MA] John C. Calhoun [SC] William H. Crawford [GA]

The Election of 1824: The Election of 1824: The “Corrupt Bargain” The Election of 1824:

CandidatePopular Vote Electoral Vote Andrew Jackson43%99 J.Q. Adams31%32 William Crawford13%41 Henry Clay13%37 The Election of 1824: The Results

The New Political Parties NATIONAL REPUBLICANS 1.JQA, Clay, Webster 2.Strong national govt. 3.Favored the BUS, tariffs, internal improvements, and industry 4.Best/privileged run the govt.DEMOCRATS 1.Jackson and Calhoun 2.Believed in state’s rights and federal restraint 3.Favored the liberty of the individual 4.Protected the common man.

John Quincy Adams as President Successful as Sec. of State Not popular; failed to relate the common man. Supported protective tariff, BUS and internal improvements Minority president, last of the Federalists and connection with the Founding Fathers…. Citizens believed that Jackson was robbed – sabotaged JQA

The “King Mob” – Jackson’s Inauguration

Thomas Jefferson’s “review” of Jackson “When I was President of the Senate he was a Senator; and he could never speak on account of the rashness of his feelings. I have seen him attempt it repeatedly, and as often choke with rage. His passions are no doubt cooler now….BUT HE IS A DANGEROUS MAN.” Why is Jackson “dangerous” according to Jefferson?

Jackson’s Top Ten 10. Andrew Jackson was the first President from west of the Appalachian Mountains. 9. Andrew Jackson was the first Tennessean to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives. 8. Andrew Jackson was the first territorial Governor of Florida. 7. Andrew Jackson was the first person to serve as a U.S. Representative, Senator, and President. 6. Andrew Jackson exercised his veto power 12 times as President, more than all of his predecessors combined.

5. Andrew Jackson was the first President to articulate that as President he represented all the people and the will of the majority must govern. 4. Andrew Jackson helped found and was the first U.S. President to represent the Democratic Party. 3. Andrew Jackson is the only U.S. President to be censured by the U.S. Senate. The censure (official criticism) was cancelled in the last year of his presidency.

2. The first assassination attempt on a sitting U.S. President occurred on January 30, 1835, when Robert Lawrence failed to slay Andrew Jackson. 1. Andrew Jackson was the only President in American History to pay off the national debt and leave office with the country in the black.

Jackson’s Beliefs Only hold power for a brief period of time Spoils System  “To the victor belongs the spoils of the enemy” “Kitchen Cabinet” – made up of his friends Believed that the “Common Man” was capable of great things

Jackson’s Goals as President: CRAZY?!?! Or good ideas? Government for the “Common Man” Abolish the Electoral College Relocate Native Americans Get rid of the National Debt  “Live within your means” Get rid of the National Bank Do away with Paper Money

Major Issues of Jackson’s Presidency “Tariff of Abominations” Nullification Crisis – South Carolina Fighting the Bank of the United States Indian Removal

Tariff of Abominations 1824 Tariff Increased  Protected North – Hurt South  North is getting rich off of us  Discriminated against the South  Violated State’s Rights Calhoun (VP) says that states can nullify laws and secede  Hit too close to home Jackson: “OUR FEDERAL UNION – IT MUST BE PRESERVED ”

1832 Tariff Conflict > new tariff 3 South Carolina’s reaction 3 Threatens to secede 3 Jackson’s response 3 “I will hang Calhoun” 3 Force Bill – Can attack S. Carolina 3 Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff 3 Tariff will be lowered over 10 years

Jackson vs. The Bank

Why hate the Bank Unconstitutional Too much power  Small group of Eastern Bankers  Doesn’t protect “Common Man” Controls the Gold and Silver  Decides how much money is worth Corrupt  Make up Interest Rates  Choose banks to lend to (or not)  Print as much money as they want.

Clay/Biddle vs. Jackson Nicholas Biddle [Corrupt Head of the Bank] Henry Clay [Jackson’s Rival] VS President Jackson

Clay and Biddle’s Trap Petition to renew the BUS early  Right before Election of 1832 Dare Jackson to Veto it  Believed that the Bank was too important Clay ran against him in 1832

1832 Election Results

Biddle’s Response Controls the Money = Unstoppable Tries to get the people to turn against Jackson  Raises Interest Rates  Doesn’t give out loans  Foreclosed on Small Businesses Jackson’s Response: “Go to Biddle – HE IS THE MAN THAT CONTROLS THE MONEY”

Killing the Bank 3 Pet Banks 3 Moves Gold and Silver into State Banks 3 Kills the BUS by taking away its money (power)  Jackson vetoed the extension of the 2 nd National Bank of the United States  the charter expired  the bank went bankrupt!

Jackson vs. The Native Americans

Indian Removal 3 Why did Jackson do this? 3 1. New Land 3 2. Safer for Settlers 3 3. Cannot Exist with N.A’s  Indian Removal Act – Nullifies Treaties 3 Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831),Worcester v. GA (1832) 3 Johan Marshall Sides with Native Americans 3 Jackson: 3 John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!

Indian Removal

Impeach Andrew? What was his legacy? CHARGE 1: President Jackson has violated the separation of powers in his actions to destroy the Bank of the United States. CHARGE 2: President Jackson violated states rights in his dealings with South Carolina in the nullification crisis. CHARGE 3: President Jackson violated laws, treaties, and court orders in his dealings with Native Americans.