1 The Age Of Jackson 1825 – John Quincy Adams becomes President 1828 – Tariff of Abominations passed 1829 – Andrew Jackson is inaugurated; The Democratic Party is established 1830 – The Indian Removal Act 1831 – The Liberator appears 1834 – The Whig Party is formed 1837 – Martin Van Buren is inaugurated; Panic of – Cherokees are forced on the "Trail of Tears" 1841 – William Henry Harrison takes office but dies within a month and is replaced by John Tyler "More nearly than any of his predecessors, Andrew Jackson was elected by popular vote; as President he sought to act as the direct representative of the common man. "

2 The Birth of the Political Campaign Question--What change is the secret of our nation's 200+ year tradition of changing leaders peacefully? "FOOD FOR THOUGHT" How did the philosophy of the Democratic Party differ from that of the Republican Party?

3 I. The Two Party System A. John Quincy Adams becomes the new President defeating Andrew Jackson 1. Jackson won the popular vote but not the electoral vote. a. As soon as the election was over, Jackson began to campaign for the next election. B. The Federalist Party is gone C. Sectional Differences begin to dominate politics.

4 D. Many of Adams’ policies are unpopular. 1. The National Policy 2. Indian Affairs E. The Democratic Party begins 1. People supported a two party system a. It allowed people of different views to join together b. It gave people an opportunity to criticize government. c. It allowed for political power to change hands without fighting. 2. Martin Van Buren a. He wanted to bring back Jefferson’s ideas on government

5 II. Andrew Jackson wins the White House A. He was known as “Old Hickory” B. He was seen as a “Common Man” C. The “Kitchen Cabinet” 1. These were Jackson’s advisors D. The Spoils System 1. Jackson was giving jobs to his friends E. Jackson welcomes new immigrants but tries to get rid of the Indians 1. The Indian Removal Act (1830) a. The Black Hawk War b. The Supreme Court rules to give the Indians some rights. HMMMM??? How did the development of the "spoils system"and the national political convention aid thegrowth of democracy during the Jacksonian era?

6 2. The Trail of Tears a mile journey by the Cherokee Indians who were forced to move west to Oklahoma. b. 25% of their people died on this journey III. States Rights and the National Bank A. How much power should the government have? 1. The Tariff of Abomination a. Tariffs were raised b. This forced the south to compete in an unprotected world market with only one crop – cotton c. Countries couldn’t afford to sell their products in the US and therefore couldn’t buy cotton from the south.

7 2. The Nullification Theory a. Promoted by John C. Calhoun 1. He said that states should have the right to “nullify” an act of Congress and declare it unconstitutional. b. This was all about “states rights” 3. Jackson did not agree with the Nullification Theory. a. South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union if the federal government tried to collect taxes from the tariff. - nobody else wanted to break away. - Jackson said he would send in the army to preserve the Union.

8 4. Henry Clay’s Compromise – “The Great Compromiser” a. The government should gradually reduce the tariff rate. B. The “Monster Bank” 1. Jackson hated the idea of a National Bank a. It was a symbol of eastern wealth and power. b. It threatened democracy because of its influence on the economy c. It was unfair competition to state banks d. Farmers distrusted “paper” money.

results of the “Bank War” a. Hostility towards “special privilege” b. The Whig Party is formed IV. Successors to Jackson Follow His Lead A. Martin VanBuren, William Henry Harrison and John Tyler were weak in comparison to Jackson. 1. VanBuren (a Democrat) was blamed for the Depression of The Whigs win in 1840 – W.H. Harrison a. Harrison got pneumonia and died 1 month after his inauguration b. John Tyler takes over and goes against party lines Martin Van Buren William Henry Harrison John Tyler

10 B. Jackson’s Legacy 1. He involved the average person in politics more than they ever had before.