The Age of Jackson

The Antebellum Era Era of Good Feelings Ends and Sectional Crisis Begins Economic Expansion – Market and Industrial Revs Economic diversity first promotes unity and interdependence Issues of tariffs, banks, and labor become divisive Jacksonian Democracy – “Age of the Common Man” 2 nd Party System creates sectional tension Federal Power vs. States Rights 2 nd Great Awakening and the Age of Reform Religious fervor inspires spirit of reform Reformers make slavery a moral issue - Abolitionism Westward Expansion Expansion of territory raises tension over spread of slavery Popular Sovereignty leads to violence over slavery

The Election of 1824 and the Rise of Sectionalism (“Era of Bad Feelings”) 1. Who won the election of 1824? John Quincy Adams (MA) Andrew Jackson (TN) Henry Clay (KY) William Crawford (GA)

2. HOW did Adams Win? Jackson won Popular Vote, but no candidate won majority of Electoral Votes (Plurality). House of Representative votes on top 3 vote getters Henry Clay (4 th ) backs Adams and uses influence in House to vote Adams Adams then names Henry Clay Secretary of State Jackson accuses Adams and Clay of “Corrupt Bargain”!

3.WHY did Adams win! Adams supported Clay’s American System; Jackson didn’t like tariffs or BUS Adams and Clay were both D.C. “Insiders” Jackson was an “Outsider”; a “Commoner” Born in a log cabin Son of poor immigrant parents Common soldier Lacked the proper manners of social elites Lacked formal education; 1 of 3 presidents to never graduate from college

4. What were the significant outcomes of the Election of 1824?Election of 1824 Era of Good Feelings ends; Era of Bad Feelings begins Feelings of nationalism replaced by feelings of sectionalism Republican Party splits along geographic lines National Republicans (old Federalists) – Adams and Clay Democrats – Andrew Jackson Jackson bitter about corrupt bargain begins campaign to discredit John Quincy Adams Portrays him as elitist Federalist who wanted to strengthen Federal govt. at expense of “common man”

5.How would the Election of 1828 be different? Jackson WINS! HOW?Jackson WINS 1824 – 356, – 1.1 million Election laws changed – 17 states est. universal white male suffrage What did the 750,000 new voters have in common? Who did they vote for? Why? “Age of the Common Man” “Jacksonian Democracy”

“The Revolution of 1828” Andrew Jackson’s Inauguration symbolized the arrival the “Common Man” to the nation’s capital, but his presidency would be full of contradictions. Was he really the “Champion of the Common Man”…

Was he really the “Champion of the Common Man”… …or a despotic autocrat, King Andrew I?

Andrew Jackson: Good, Evil, and the Presidency

“The Presidency of Andrew Jackson” Election of 1828 – After states est. “universal male suffrage” Jackson won the election and started the “Age of the Common Man”. Election of 1828 Spoils System – Presidents appointed officials based on “patronage” resulting in unqualified or self-motivated appointments. Spoils System Indian Removal Act – became official policy toward Indians in early 1800s to give settlers access to more western land. Moved southern tribes to Oklahoma to clear land for cotton. Indian Removal Act Worcester v Georgia – case in which Jackson supported states rights by refusing to enforce Supreme Court’s ruling against Georgia. Refused to protect Cherokee Indians land rights and opened door to Indian removal to the west. Worcester v Georgia Trail of Tears – The forced removal of Native Americans to west (Oklahoma) opened land for economic expansion, but represents one of the most shameful violations of civil rights in American History. Trail of Tears

Pet Banks – Jackson allowed charter of BUS to expire because the bank favored one section of the country (North) over another (South and West). Jackson chose state and private banks (pet banks) to put govt. money. Accused of showing favoritism to his friends. Pet Banks Tariff of Abominations – favored northern manufacturers; tax on imports outraged southerners who traded cotton to Great Britain. Southerners were no longer willing to compromise on issue. Tariff of Abominations Webster-Hayne Debate – Senate debate between Daniel Webster (MA) and Robert Hayne (SC) over state or national sovereignty. Webster argued for federal supremacy and Hayne argued for “states rights”. Jackson sided with Webster and national sovereignty by saying, “Our Union, it must be preserved!” Webster-Hayne Debate Nullification Crisis – South Carolina (Gov. John C. Calhoun) tried to exercise states rights to nullify the Tariff of Abominations, but Andrew Jackson signed Force Bill to use military to force federal authority; conflict over issue of federalism; power of the federal govt. Nullification Crisis

Disney: John Quincy Adams Andrew Jackson: Good, Evil, and the Presidency Disney: Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson: The Most Terrifying Man Ever Elected President

Andrew Jackson Song