MIT Contribution to ESRDC Effort Chryssostomidis Hover Karniadakis Kirtley Leeb Triantafyllou Chalfant Marden Prempraneerach Englebretson Schmitt Taylor II-N students

Induction Motor Ship Propulsion GOAL: Investigate motor design changes with increased maximum propeller speed Developed model based on the existing 19 MW Advanced Induction Motor Examined range of sizes and speeds from MW and 150 to 300 rpm Potential motor reduction up to ~200 t, 80 m 3, on a 4 motor, 80 MW ship from doubled prop

19 MW Design Comparison

Generalized Electric Motor Design GOAL: Coupled optimization of electric motor and propeller initial designs Torque and speed inputs used to approximate motor size, weight, and efficiency Simplified equations allow rapid evaluation and comparison of design alternatives Adaptable to any type of electric machine

Combat Power Monitor for CBM and Reconfiguration Steven B. Leeb and Team Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems, MIT

Outline Beta-monitor used by crews of USCGC ESCANABA, USCGC SENECA Extending power system monitoring to perform nearly sensor-less CBM. Extending NILM to improve zonal power system protection (ZED) in NGIPS models. Hardware validated simulation models.

Ship-board Installation

The NILM provided great support to the crew during our most recent deployment…. Clearly, the data provided by the NILM is of significant value to any maintainer… the true worth of the system lies in the non- intrusive manner by which it is installed.

MFM/NILM Power Supply Loads MVAC HFAC MVDC NILM is relevant to all NGIPS architectures! MFM III NILM in Current and Future Naval Power Systems

DDG 51 Generator Simulation and Emulation Simulation models and parameter estimates cross-validated with hardware measurements and field data.

Stochastic Sensitivity Analysis: Sparse Collocation Based on the polynomial chaos representation & sampling at discrete points (Gauss-quadrature)  Full-grid  Sparse-grid

Sensitivity Analysis for Subsystem: Gas Turbine-Synchronous Machine-Bus-Resistor Gas Turbine Exciter VsVs 3-phase, 4160 V AC Distribution Bus SM 3-phase, 60 Hz 21 MW Synchronous Generator 3-phase Resistor Load GT 21 MW Constant Load Harmonic Filter Uncertainty: 50% on Speed Governor of GT; step change of load at t=20 s Torque  Uncertainty is Very important during transients

Multiple Sources of Uncertainty/Variability: Ranking Sensitivities We assume 20% variation on five different components: GT: Time constant of fuel system; SM: Field winding resistor; Exciter: Saturation function; Bus/Filter: Inductance; Load : Resistor Gas Turbine: Fuel Consumption SM/GT: Rotational Speed Load: Step Change at t=20 s NOTE: Mean response is different than deterministic response

Ranking Sensitivities: New Metrics Load Exciter SM Bus GT Outputs are state variables of: SM (1-8); GT (9-11); Exciter (12-16); Bus (17-19); Filter (20-25) Field Winding Resistor of SM has the most impact New metrics to quantify Sensitivity and Interaction Effects in time SM & GT Rotational Speed TIME-DEPENDENT TIME-AVERAGED

An End-To-End-Simulator: From Fuel Consumption to Sea States Exciter VsVs 3-phase, 4160 V AC Distribution Bus IM SM Power Converter With Torque Control T* e IsIs ω rm 15-phase, 0-15 Hz 19MW 3-phase, 60 Hz 21 MW Harmonic Filter GT Gas Turbine  Modeling of all components in detail  Gas turbine and synchronous machine operate in steady-state until 10 seconds, then IM is turned on with a constant torque command of 1 MN-m subjected to propeller emergence at 30, 45, and 57 seconds GT & SM : ω r IM : ω r

Development of new models for some of the components (AC/DC, DC/DC, DC/AC converters, etc.) Develop a control system that regulates the performance of the converters Investigate stability of subsystems connected to the DC bus, e.g. the stability IM-controller-rectifier subsystem connected to the main DC bus The control and stability of the two systems connected to the DC bus is new and unexplored

gas turbine propeller End-to-End-Simulator: Propeller Emergence Active Power Flow

GT and SM torque IM torque End-to-End-Simulator: Propeller Emergence

Rectifier Rail 1: Voltage [V] AC Bus: Voltage

Control signal of gas turbine (GT) from speed governor Control signal of synchronous machine (SM) from exciter End-to-End-Simulator: Propeller Emergence