Chapter 9: Thinking and Language Clicker Questions Psychology, 11th Edition by David G. Myers & C. Nathan DeWall Slides by Melissa Terlecki, Cabrini College Chapter 9: Thinking and Language

1. A methodological rule or procedure that guarantees solving a problem is called a/an: A. heuristic. B. algorithm. C. insight. D. prototype.

1. A methodological rule or procedure that guarantees solving a problem is called a/an: ANSWER A. heuristic. B. algorithm. C. insight. D. prototype.

2. Which of the following is FALSE regarding decision making? A. We tend to cling to our beliefs despite contradictory evidence. B. We tend to be more confident than correct. C. We tend to overestimate our judgments. D. We are more confident about successful decisions than unsuccessful decisions.

2. Which of the following is FALSE regarding decision making? ANSWER A. We tend to cling to our beliefs despite contradictory evidence. B. We tend to be more confident than correct. C. We tend to overestimate our judgments. D. We are more confident about successful decisions than unsuccessful decisions.

3. Which of the following is TRUE regarding intuition? A. Intuition is explicit. B. Intuition is adaptive. C. Intuition has minimal effects on judgment. D. Intuitive judgments take a long time.

3. Which of the following is TRUE regarding intuition? ANSWER A. Intuition is explicit. B. Intuition is adaptive. C. Intuition has minimal effects on judgment. D. Intuitive judgments take a long time.

4. Which of the following creativity components emphasizes the role of well-developed knowledge? A. Imagination B. Intrinsic motivation C. Expertise D. Venturesome personality

4. Which of the following creativity components emphasizes the role of well-developed knowledge? ANSWER A. Imagination B. Intrinsic motivation C. Expertise D. Venturesome personality

5. Which structural component of language is the smallest unit of distinctive sound? A. Phoneme B. Morpheme C. Semantics D. Syntax

5. Which structural component of language is the smallest unit of distinctive sound? ANSWER A. Phoneme B. Morpheme C. Semantics D. Syntax

6. At approximately what age do individuals begin to make two-word statements? A. 4 months B. 1 year C. 2 years D. 10 months

6. At approximately what age do individuals begin to make two-word statements? ANSWER A. 4 months B. 1 year C. 2 years D. 10 months

7. Which of the following is FALSE regarding deafness and language development: A. Most deaf children are born to hearing parents. B. There exists a critical period for language development. C. Signing develops at the same rate as speaking. D. Losing audition does not enhance vision.

7. Which of the following is FALSE regarding deafness and language development: ANSWER A. Most deaf children are born to hearing parents. B. There exists a critical period for language development. C. Signing develops at the same rate as speaking. D. Losing audition does not enhance vision.

8. Which brain area controls the expression of language? A. Broca’s area B. Wernicke’s area C. Temporal lobe D. Auditory cortex

8. Which brain area controls the expression of language? ANSWER A. Broca’s area B. Wernicke’s area C. Temporal lobe D. Auditory cortex

9. Which of the following is TRUE regarding animal cognition and language? A. Many animals display comprehension and communication. B. Many animals can use categories and concepts. C. Many animals display insight and use tools to solve problems. D. All of the above.

9. Which of the following is TRUE regarding animal cognition and language? ANSWER A. Many animals display comprehension and communication. B. Many animals can use categories and concepts. C. Many animals display insight and use tools to solve problems. D. All of the above.

10. Which mental technique may assist in achieving one’s goal? A. Outcome simulation B. Process simulation C. Linguistic determinism D. Telegraphic speech

10. Which mental technique may assist in achieving one’s goal? ANSWER A. Outcome simulation B. Process simulation C. Linguistic determinism D. Telegraphic speech

Critical Thinking Questions

11. Brett recognizes a robin as fitting in to the category “bird” quicker than he does a penguin. This is because “robin” is a _____. A. concept B. heuristic C. prototype D. insight

11. Brett recognizes a robin as fitting in to the category “bird” quicker than he does a penguin. This is because “robin” is a _____. ANSWER A. concept B. heuristic C. prototype D. insight

12. Mikayla wants to break up with her boyfriend 12. Mikayla wants to break up with her boyfriend. She seems to only notice instances of her relationship not working out, and forgets the good times. This would be an example of a/an: A. confirmation bias. B. mental set. C. intuition. D. availability heuristic.

12. Mikayla wants to break up with her boyfriend 12. Mikayla wants to break up with her boyfriend. She seems to only notice instances of her relationship not working out, and forgets the good times. This would be an example of a/an: ANSWER A. confirmation bias. B. mental set. C. intuition. D. availability heuristic.

13. Lashaun is looking to buy a new car 13. Lashaun is looking to buy a new car. Because he read about a Ford car explosion in the news last week, he is hesitant to look at Ford models. This is an example of (the): A. belief perseverance. B. availability heuristic. C. framing. D. confirmation bias.

13. Lashaun is looking to buy a new car 13. Lashaun is looking to buy a new car. Because he read about a Ford car explosion in the news last week, he is hesitant to look at Ford models. This is an example of (the): ANSWER A. belief perseverance. B. availability heuristic. C. framing. D. confirmation bias.

14. Cole is stuck on the side of the road and must pour gasoline fluid into his gas tank. He has no funnel, so has difficulty creating a makeshift nozzle out of the materials found in his car. This is an example of (a): A. mental set. B. intuition. C. availability heuristic. D. confirmation bias.

14. Cole is stuck on the side of the road and must pour gasoline fluid into his gas tank. He has no funnel, so has difficulty creating a makeshift nozzle out of the materials found in his car. This is an example of (a): ANSWER A. mental set. B. intuition. C. availability heuristic. D. confirmation bias.

15. Saleem is suffering from an aphasia where he has difficulty speaking, but can comprehend language. Which area of the brain likely has damage? A. Auditory cortex B. Temporal lobe C. Frontal lobe D. Wernicke’s area

15. Saleem is suffering from an aphasia where he has difficulty speaking, but can comprehend language. Which area of the brain likely has damage? ANSWER A. Auditory cortex B. Temporal lobe C. Frontal lobe D. Wernicke’s area