World War II Turn the Tide Objective: SWBAT explain how the allies changed the momentum during WWII. Essential Skill: C-7: State implications and consequences.

Northern Africa Original plan called for Allied powers to invade Western Europe Plan changed at the request of Winston Churchill to secure Africa first British controlled the Suez canal and didn’t want to see it fall under German control Allies pinched the German and Italian forces into Tunisia 300,000+ surrenders to the Allies

Sicily and Italy After Africa was under control, the Allies decide to hop across the Mediterranean into Sicily British and US troops push up through Italy Hitler has to send forces to help 3 front war? Mussolini is overthrown and eventually hung

Leningrad and the Soviet Union Operation Barbarossa Aimed to capture Leningrad and Moscow Stalled and was forced to lay siege to Leningrad Decided to attack further south to capture Soviet oil fields Stalingrad was a big prize since it was named after his rival

Siege of Leningrad September 1941 – January 1944 Citizens created defenses from wooden barricades, trenches, barbed wire, and anti-tank ditches 3000 starved to death daily Constant bombardment 3,400,000 million Soviet casualties 600,000 German casualties

Operation Overlord: D-Day Originally planned for 1942 Pushed off for N. Africa and Italy campaigns Angers Stalin  He won’t forget this after the war June 6 th,1944: Allied forces storm the beaches of Normandy Needed to create a foothold in France

World War II End of the War Objective: SWBAT explain how the Allies won WWII. Essential Skill: C-7: State implications and consequences.

Liberation of Paris After D-Day assault, Allied forced led by Gen. George Patton broke through the German defenses, moving deeper into France Us forces were landing in southern France French resistance forces gained confidence with the Allies success Germany felt the pressure Surrounded on all sides, the Germans surrendered Allied forces entered Paris on August 25 th

Battle of the Bulge Germany retreating as startling pace Decide to throw everything they had at the Allies Battle lasted for a month 90,000 Allied casualties 100,000+ German casualties Delayed Allied advance from the west for 6 weeks War was inevitably coming to a close

Hitler Suicide

Yalta Conference Yalta: February 1945 Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met to discuss the end of the war Split German into 4 occupation zones, self-determination for eastern Europe

Potsdam Conferences Potsdam: July 17 – August 2, 1945 Truman (Roosevelt dead), Atlee (New English PM), Stalin Germany split into 4 zones, demilitarization, control over military industry Truman mentions a “powerful new weapon” to Stalin Stalin already knows and is wary of future conflict Potsdam Declaration: July 26 th, 1945 Called for the surrender of Japan

Atomic Bomb After the urging of Albert Einstein, FDR started the Manhattan Project The best Allied scientists gathered in the US to create atomic weapons First Atom-bomb tested in Alamogordo, NM August 6 th and 8 th, 1945: Atomic bombs are dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki War had been very bloody. President Truman and other leaders felt that in order to save American lives, the bomb must be used

Nuremburg Trials Nazi and Axis leaders were tried for “Crimes against humanity” Nearly 200 were tried, with most being found guilty Some received death sentences Others imprisoned Leaders are accountable for their actions in war