Sydney Opera House

雪梨歌劇院 第八組 組員：莊云瑄 蒐集、資料彙整 陳怡萍 蒐集、資料彙整 陳璟嫻 PPT 製作 王依靜 報告 謝一廷 報告 池東諭 報告

The symbol of Australia Sydney Opera House is the most representative Australia buildings. more can be said Sydney City the soul. and are listed in the list of buildings of world civilization. Sydney Opera House began in 1959 has been postponed several times because of construction, was ridiculed as the “Unfinished Symphony”

Description The Sydney Opera House is situated on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbor, close to the Sydney Harbor Bridge. It sits at the northeastern tip of the Sydney central business district, surrounded on three sides by the harbor and neighbored by the Royal Botanic Gardens.

A modern expressionist design. With a series of large precast concrete "shells“. The building covers 1.8 hectares (4.5 acres) of land and is 183 m (605 ft) long and 120 m (388 ft) wide at its widest point. It is supported on 588 concrete piers sunk as much as 25 m below sea level.

Of the two larger spaces, the Concert Hall is located within the western group of shells. The Opera Theater within the eastern group.

The smaller venues are located within the podium, beneath the Concert Hall. The podium is surrounded by substantial open public spaces, of which the large stone-paved forecourt area with the adjacent monumental steps is also regularly used as a performance space.

Performance venues and facilities The Concert Hall, with 2,678 seats, is the home of the Sydney Symphony and used by a large number of other concert presenters. It contains the Sydney Opera House Grand Organ, the largest mechanical tracker action organ in the world, with over 10,000 pipes.

The Concert Hall

The Opera Theater, a proscenium theatre with 1,507 seats, is the Sydney home of Opera Australia and The Australian Ballet.

The Opera Theater

The Drama Theater, a proscenium theatre with 544 seats. The Forecourt, a flexible open-air venue with a wide range of configuration options.

Jørn Utzon Jørn Utzon was burn on April 9, 1918 in Copenhagen. He received his Diploma in Architecture from the Royal Acade heself of Fine Arts, in 1946, he had his own arcitectural office.

Design and construction

The Fort Macquarie Tram Depot, occupying the site at the time of these plans, was demolished in 1958 and formal construction of the Opera House began in March 1959.

Stage I ： Podium （ 1959–1963 ） Stage I commenced on 2 March By 23 January 1961, work was running 47 weeks behind, mainly because of unexpected difficulties. Work on the podium was finally completed in February 1963.

Stage II ： Roof （ 1963–1967 ） From 1957 to 1963, the design team went through at least twelve iterations of the form of the shells trying to find an economically acceptable form before a workable solution was completed.

In mid-1961, the design team found a solution to the problem: the shells all being created as sections from a sphere. They finally selected the Swiss manufacturer of ceramic Jonas Haag, The production of tiles with a smooth surface, but the glass did not have high reflectivity.

The shells were constructed by Hornibrook Group Pty Ltd, who were also responsible for construction in Stage III. On 6 April 1962, it was estimated that the Opera House would be completed between August 1964 and March 1965.

Stage III: Interiors （ 1967–1973 ） Started with Utzon moving his entire office to Sydney in February The new Robert Askin government declared the project under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Public Works. Utzon's resignation in 1966.

Lothar Cremer, confirmed to the Sydney Opera House Executive Committee that Utzon's original acoustic design only allowed for 2000 seats in the main hall and further stated that increasing the number of seats to 3000 as specified in the brief would be disastrous for the acoustics.

Completion and cost The original cost estimate in 1957 was £3,500,000 ($7 million). The original completion date set by the government was 26 January 1963 (Australia Day). The project was completed ten years late and over-budget by more than fourteen times.

A big white swan The sea outside the harbor is the best place to watch the Sydney Opera House, from that point over here, just like the Sydney Opera House is about to fly the huge white swans.

Q&A Who is design Sydney Opera House ? What is the style of building ? What is a building look like ?

Jørn Utzon(John Utzon) A modern expressionist A big white swan

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