Hormones and the Endocrine System Introduction to Regulatory Systems Chemical Signals and their Modes of Action Vertebrate Endocrine System

Introduction to Regulatory Systems Nervous system involved with high speed responses Endocrine system is slower and involves the production, release, and movement of chemical messages specialized nerve cells found within the endocrine system are called neurosecretory cells some chemicals function in both systems-ex. norepinephrine

Two Classes of Vertebrate Hormones Most signal molecules are unable to diffuse through the plasma membrane (peptides, proteins, glycoproteins), require a membrane receptor and signal transduction pathway some molecules can diffuse through the membrane (steroids, thyroid hormones, NO), receptors are within the target cells

Vertebrate Endocrine System Hypothalamus and pituitary integrate much of the endocrine system includes: hypothalamus, anterior and posterior pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, adrenal, testis, and ovary

Diabetes Two types: Type I- Insulin dependent Type II-Non-insulin dependent

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