Chapter 45.  Hormones = molecules synthesized and secreted into body fluids  Endocrine gland – ductless, secretes hormones into blood stream  Exocrine.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 45

 Hormones = molecules synthesized and secreted into body fluids  Endocrine gland – ductless, secretes hormones into blood stream  Exocrine gland – secretes chemicals into ducts  What are the 2 communicatory and regulatory systems found in animals?  Nervous system Nervous system  Endocrine system Endocrine system  Feedback is common to both systems

 Interleukins and histamines of immune system  Nitric oxide  Growth factors  Prostaglandins: ◦ Intensify pain ◦ Induce labor ◦ Aspirin reduces effect of prostaglandins

 Steroid hormones, fat soluble Steroid hormones, fat soluble  Peptide hormones Peptide hormones

 Hypothalamus – 2 sets of hormones Hypothalamus – 2 sets of hormones  Tropic hormones – hormones that target other endocrine glands  Which pituitary hormones are tropic?  TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH

 2 thyroid hormones both contain iodine 2 thyroid hormones both contain iodine  Feedback in the thyroid gland regulates levels of T3 and T4 Feedback in the thyroid gland regulates levels of T3 and T4  Hyperthyroidism causes high body temps, sweating and high blood pressure  Hypothyroidism causes cretinism and weight gain  Goiter is an enlarged thyroid caused by iodine deficient diet  Calcium homeostasis includes parathyroid Calcium homeostasis includes parathyroid

 Is the pancreas an endocrine or exocrine gland?  Exocrine gland that produces digestive enzymes  Endocrine gland that includes islets of Langerhans Alpha cells secrete glucagon Beta cells secrete insulin  Opposing hormones that regulate blood glucose levels Opposing hormones that regulate blood glucose levels

 What is the difference between type I and type II diabetes?  Type I = juvenile diabetes, autoimmune disorder, can no longer make insulin  Type II = late onset due to reduced responsiveness of receptor cells

 What are the 2 glands associated with the adrenal glands?  Adrenal cortex  Adrenal medulla  The adrenal glands respond to stress The adrenal glands respond to stress

 Which hormones and glands are involved in the following situations?  High blood calcium levels  Contraction of mammary gland cells  Low glucose levels  Drinking alcoholic beverages  Buying salt without iodine  Pop quiz in AP Bio (short term stress)  Sick member of your family (long term stress)  High glucose levels  Low calcium levels

What is the role of ADH and Oxytocin?

What are the roles of these hormones?

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