McFadden Redux 21 st Century Challenges and Breeding Sonny Ramaswamy Norman and monococcum wheats photo, courtesy of Bikram Gill, Kansas State University.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
IRRI: The Experience of an International Public Research Institute.
Advertisements

Ad Hoc Working Group on The World at 7 Billion and Beyond: Promoting a Forward-Looking Vision of People-Centred Development POSSIBLE ROLE FOR FAO relating.
Overview Global Challenges Food and Health Nexus Agricultural Focus –LGUs –USDA, NIFA, ARS.
6 Mark Tester Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics University of Adelaide Research developments in genetically modified grains.
Increasing productivity and resilience Messages and project examples.
Efficiency in Farming systems Survey – enhancing cooperation with IITA.
NATIONAL PROGRAM 302: PLANT BIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PROCESSES THE LAST 5 YEARS Leon Kochian, Don Ort and Carroll Vance.
Fokkerij in genomics tijdperk Johan van Arendonk Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre Wageningen University.
Nowlin Chair Crop Modeling Symposium November 10-11, 2000 Future Needs for Effective Model Applications James W. Jones  Users  Model Capabilities  Data.
Innovation Platforms – Plant Breeding for Sustainable Farming Systems Martin O. Bohn Crop Sciences University of Illinois International Food Security Symposium.
A multi-state, multi-institution project, funded by USDA/CSREES dedicated to the genetic improvement of US wheat through research, education and extension.
Technological Innovation for growth.. An Agricultural point of view
Barley – Molecular Breeding IAMZ 2015 Patrick Hayes Dept. Crop and Soil Science Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon USA
International Food Aid and Development Conference M. Ann Tutwiler Global Food Security Coordinator Office of the Secretary, USDA.
Research Programs In the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Dr. David Smith, Director North Carolina Agricultural Research Service.
1. Trends and processes that may have high impact on food systems Climate Change Increasing Energy and Carbon Costs Decentralization Increasing Power of.
Stakeholder input from 2007 listening session: “More opportunities for classical plant breeding” Addressed by NIFA NPL Ann Marie Thro.
U.S. Dept. Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Rob Griesbach Technology Transfer Coordinator
Students Becoming Scientists in the World: Integrating Research and Education for Sustainable Development Dr. James P. Collins Directorate for the Biological.
Societal Challenges Population Food Energy Water Environment Climate Change Health Poverty Population aka Wicked Problems.
Sustainable Nutrition Hilary Green TGDF Food Congress, 13th November 2013.
Providing Gender and Equity Balance in the NAPCC on Agriculture SUMAN SAHAI Gender and Economic Policy Discussion Forum, Inst. of Social Studies Trust.
Plant Breeding Pipelines in the CCRP. Crucifers: Broccoli Brussels sprouts Cabbage Cauliflower Chinese cabbage Collards Kale Mustard Radish Rutabaga Turnip.
Mrs. Schaffner. the science and technology of producing and using plants for food, fuel, feed, fiber, and reclamation.
Purpose of the USDA  Established in 1862 by President Abraham Lincoln  Back then, more than half of the Nation’s population lived and worked on farms.
2014 Farm Bill – Implementation of Commodity Boards Provision Introduction to Provision – Bill Hoffman AFRI Background – Mark Mirando Overview of Implementation.
Introduction of Plant Biotechnology
GENERATION CHALLENGE PROGRAMME (GCP) EXTERNAL REVIEW INDEPENDENT EVALUATION ARRANGEMENT (IEA) OF THE CGIAR.
FAOCGIARWMO. How will Global Environmental Change affect the vulnerability of food systems in different regions? How might food systems be adapted to.
BREEDING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY. Breeding? Application of genetics principles for improvement Application of genetics principles for improvement “Accelerated”
Genetically Modified Organisms. Genetically Modified? GM (genetically modified) refers to special technologies that alter the DNA of organisms such as.
USDA-ARS Assessment and Customer Workshop Nathan Danielson Director Biotechnology and Business Development National Corn Growers Association.
Gene Bank Biodiversity for Wheat Prebreeding
Population, Public Health, Pulses, and Partnerships
Computational Science as an enabler for sustainable FEW Systems Baskar Ganapathysubramanian Iowa State University NSF FEW Workshop: Oct 12-13, 2015, ISU.
China’s Agriculture and Food Economy in the 21 st Century Opening Remarks Scott Rozelle, UC Davis.
UC ANR is a vital partner, working hand in hand with agriculture to enhance markets help the balance of trade address environmental concerns protect plant.
Implementing a National Data Infrastructure: Opportunities for the BIO Community Peter McCartney Program Director Division of Biological Infrastructure.
Critical Zones Food and Agriculture Perspectives Sonny Ramaswamy.
Investigators Institution Expertise
Working group on Underutilized Fruits and Vegetables Consultation Workshop Rome Chair: Remi Nono-Womdim, FAO, Italy Rapporteur:Uli Schurr,
Big Data in Indian Agriculture D. Rama Rao Director, NAARM.
Global Issues Press Conference Should farmers be concerned with agricultural biotechnology? By: Peter Campbell.
National Institute of Food and Agriculture User Inspired Science, Transforming Lives Sonny Ramaswamy.
Societal Challenges & Nutritional Security Sonny Ramaswamy.
Weather index insurance, climate variability and change and adoption of improved production technology among smallholder farmers in Ghana Francis Hypolite.
EPSO assistance for sustainable crop production in Africa Jean Christophe Glaszmann CIRAD Montpellier AGAP.
The National Science Foundation Independent Federal Agency Support for all fields of fundamental science and engineering.
Meeting Today’s Food Safety Challenges at the National Institute of Food and Agriculture An Overview of Food Safety Programs Jan Singleton, PhD, RDN Director,
Extramural Programs at National Institute of Food and Agriculture Parag R. Chitnis National Institute of Food and Agriculture US Department of Agriculture,
Brechko Susanna, Zimoglyad Anna Form 11 ch/b Lyceum of science Zhovti Vody.
Eric Huttner and Miriam McCormack
Transformative Innovations For 21st Food & Agriculture Systems
CRISPR-Cas Representing Abundant Potential for Agriculture
Cotton Breeding and Genetics Initiative
Tim Stombaugh Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering
Investigators* Institution Expertise
PLANT BREEDING Introduction
BBSRC – Agriculture and Food Security Framework
Scientific Cooperation Exchange Program (SCEP)
BREEDING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Patrick S. Schnable Department of Agronomy
Genetically Modified Foods
The Importance of “Genomes to Fields”
Pre-Breeding and Trait Discovery
Animal, Plant & Soil Science
BREEDING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
University of Wisconsin, Madison
AFRI Integrated Programs.
Climate Resilient Crops for South Africa
Presentation transcript:

McFadden Redux 21 st Century Challenges and Breeding Sonny Ramaswamy Norman and monococcum wheats photo, courtesy of Bikram Gill, Kansas State University Background image, courtesy of Robert Zemetra, Oregon State University

Edgar S. McFadden ( ) “Where there is no hope, people perish.” Emmer photo, courtesy of Jude Maul, USDA-ARS Bread wheat photo, courtesy of Bikram Gill, K-State Mcfadden and Hope wheat photo from Stem rust photo from Perseverance Innovation Impact Emmer Bread Wheat

Nutritional SecurityAn Existential Threat

Science Perfect Storm

Path Forward Transformative Discoveries 21 st Century Extension Farming Systems Education Policies, Regulation, Marketing Human Dimensions Communications

Path Forward

Abiotic Variables –S oil characteristics, nutrients, sunlight, temperature, and other weather and climatic conditions Biotic Variables –Plant genes and physiology, pathogenic and non- pathogenic microbes, invertebrates –Microbiomes and plant performance E.g., Endophyte impacts on plant hormones and plant development –Nematodes, arthropods, other invertebrates and plant performance Productivity

Cellular Level Gene Interactions Gene Networks Signalling Environment Organismal Level Efficiency Photosynthesis Nutrient & Water Use Environmental Signals Resource Allocation Community Level Interactions Biotic Abiotic New Approaches/New Opportunities Systems Approaches

Genotyping and Phenotyping Technologies –High-throughput next-gen tools –Data management and processing –Computational infrastructure –Standards for metadata for machine inter-operability –Access and human resources Statistical and Quantitative Genetics –Genomic selection and new technologies (e.g., genomics, phenomics, image analysis) for rapid, low cost breeding Observational Science to Information Science to Predictive Science –Genotype X Environment X Management

Genome Editing, Heterosis, Doubled Haploids –Defined genetic changes to complement traditional marker- assisted breeding approaches –Polyploids and genome editing challenges –Genes to change, delete, or substitute to enhance productivity –Optimizing heterosis and mechanisms to increase yields –Innovative technologies to enable creation of high throughput doubled haploids –Communicate value of genome editing technologies is an important step in easing public angst

Productivity and Efficiency –Photosynthesis: C3 to C4 –N fixation in cereals –N, P, and water use efficiency –Resistance and tolerance to biotic and abiotic constraints Nutritional Traits –E.g., Resistant starch: TCAP project Component of dietary fiber, reduced blood glucose and insulin levels, increased satiation, lower cholesterol, and improved gastrointestinal health –E.g., Bioavailability of macro- and micronutrients in bean and rice bran: Colorado State University

Genomes to Field

#BigData

Big Data: Milieu Analytics Informatics Evidence-Based Tools Meta-Analysis and Synthesis Complex Systems Computational Sciences Data Engineering Data Mining Cloud Computing Implementation and Evaluation Data Security and Cybersecurity Predictive Modeling Data Visualization Decision Analytics Embedded Systems Machine Learning Multidimensional Data Network Science Sensor Networks Spatial Analytics Bandwidth Cyberphysical Systems

Big Data: Opportunities Open Data is a powerful, evidence-based tool for long- term sustainable development by improving economic opportunities for farmers and health of consumers. Open access to research, meta- analysis, and open publication of data are vital resources for nutritional security. Iain Chalmers: Cochrane Collaboration Transparent, Collaborative, Participatory Archibald Cochrane

Big Data: Challenges Standards Ownership –Open Ag Technology Systems Decision Support Tools –Open Ag Toolkit – NIFA funded –FarmBot Cost Bandwith Quality Curation Disambiguation Connectivity Cybersecurity Storage Courtesy: Dennis Buckmaster;

Policies/Regulation/Marketing Governance Socially beneficial policies, programs Poverty reduction Education Trade – “glocalization” Jobs Environmental degradation/conservation

NIFA’s Role

AFRI Foundational Plant Health and Production and Plant Products Program –Pre-breeding and germplasm enhancement, cultivar development, selection theory, applied quantitative genetics, and breeding –Conventional breeding for development of publicly available cultivars AFRI Foundational CARE and ERG program AFRI Food Security Challenge Area –Breeding and phenomics of crops to produce varieties with improved resilience to extreme weather and increased protection from pests –Enhanced nutritional composition for improved human health –Training next generation of plant breeders AFRI Education and Literacy Initiative –Undergraduate, predoctoral, and postdoctoral fellowships Funding Opportunities

NIFA International Wheat Yield Partnership –Breakthrough breeding, genetics, and genomics NIFA/DOE Joint Plant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy Program –Breeding and genomics to develop new feedstocks Early Concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) NSF/NIFA Joint Funding –Breakthrough technologies for animal and plant phenomics and microbiomes Plant Biotic Interactions Program NSF/NIFA Joint Funding –Processes mediating beneficial and antagonistic interactions between plants, symbionts, and pests NIFA/ARPA-E –TERRA Genomes to Phenomes/Field program NIFA/NIDDK Dietary Biomarkers –Food specific molecular profiles and dietary biomarkers

Humans Matter Consumers, businesses, groups, communities, towns, states and countries make decisions Acceptance of technologies People impacts Social Sciences  Behavior, Choices, Attitudes  Risk and Change Nexus of Bio-Physical and Social Sciences Communications

….think anew, and act anew. - Abraham Lincoln