Charles Lindbergh ( ) An American aviator who made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean on May 20-21, Other pilots had crossed the Atlantic before him. But Lindbergh was the first person to do it alone nonstop. His feat made him an American hero.

Schenck v. the United States In Schenck v. United States (1919), the Supreme Court invented the famous "clear and present danger" test to determine when a state could constitutionally limit an individual's free speech rights under the First Amendment. nck.html

The Great Migration The relocation of more than 6 million African Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North, Midwest and West from 1916 to Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationist laws, many blacks headed north, where they took advantage of the need for industrial workers that first arose during the First World War.

Zimmerman telegram An internal diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January, 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the event of the United States entering World War I against Germany.

Espionage and Sedition Acts Enacted soon after the United States entered World War I in 1917, the Espionage Act prohibited individuals from expressing or publishing opinions that would interfere with the U.S. military’s efforts to defeat Germany and its allies. A year later, the U.S. Congress amended the law with the Sedition Act of 1918, which made it illegal to write or speak anything critical of American involvement in the war html

Sacco and Vanzetti In 1921, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, both Italian- Americans, were convicted of robbery and murder. Although the arguments brought against them were mostly disproven in court, the fact that the two men were known radicals (and that their trial took place during the height of the Red Scare) prejudiced the judge and jury against them. On April 9, 1927, Sacco and Vanzetti's final appeal was rejected, and the two were sentenced to death.  sacco-and-vanzetti/306625/

Ku Klux Klan The resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s coincided with the anti- radical and anti-immigrant hysteria of the Red Scare that had engulfed the nation. The second KKK was founded in 1915 by William J. Simmons. Its goal was to preserve the white, Protestant civilization and instigate the re- establishment of white supremacy. The rebirth and resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan peaked at million members but by 1928 its membership had dropped to a few hundred thousand members.

Emergency Quota Act The objective of this act was to temporarily limit the numbers of immigrants to the United States by imposing quotas based on country of birth. Annual allowable quotas for each country of origin were calculated at 3 percent of the total number of foreign-born persons from that country recorded in the 1910 United States Census.

Harlem Renaissance The cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem between the end of World War I and the middle of the 1930s. During this period Harlem was a cultural center, drawing black writers, artists, musicians, photographers, poets, and scholars.

Warren Harding President Warren Harding popularized the word normalcy with his slogan: “return to normalcy," about getting back to normal life after the war.

Teapot Dome Scandal During the Teapot Dome scandal, Albert B. Fall, who served as secretary of the interior in President Warren G. Harding’s cabinet, is found guilty of accepting a bribe while in office. Fall was the first individual to be convicted of a crime committed while a presidential cabinet member. scandal

Scopes Trial In 1925, John Scopes was convicted and fined $100 for teaching evolution in his Dayton, Tenn., classroom. The first highly publicized trial concerning the teaching of evolution, the Scopes trial also represents a dramatic clash between traditional and modern values in America of the 1920s. -Defense Lawyer Clarence Darrow believed that religious interpretations of science have no place in schools. - William Jennings Bryan fought to keep evolution from being taught in school. Bryan died 5 days after the trial ended.

Flappers women who flamboyantly flouted their contempt for what was back then deemed as societal behavior that was conventional. Flappers were women who were characterized by their choice of bobbed hair, short skirts, and their enjoyment of jazz music.

Speakeasies illegal bars that were given their unique name for the need to whisper, or "speak easy," as patrons attempted to cross their illegal thresholds.

Organized Crime The increase in organized crime during the 1920s stemmed from national Prohibition. In 1920, the Volstead Act, also known as the 18th Amendment, went into effect, prohibiting the manufacture, sale and transportation of alcoholic beverages. study.com/academy/lesson/american-organized-crime-of-the-1920s.html

Henry Ford One of America's foremost industrialists, Henry Ford revolutionized assembly- line modes of production for the automobile. The assembly line made automobile production (T- Model) more efficient and prices more ”af Ford able” for the average working American.