In pairs, rank these 10 poker hands from 1. BEST to 10. WORST Write out in full at the back of your books and come up and show me 1 st = 5 points; 2 nd = 4 points… 5 th = 1 point HISTORY CARD

HISTORY ,739 : ,192 : ,164 : : : : : : : 1 CARD 8. 1 : 1

Hitler ’ s foreign policy Memory word – TEAR T = TREATY OF VERSAILLES Territory (10% pre WW1 land lost); Reparations (£6.6bn); Armaments (limited to 100,000 men); no Union with Austria E = EXPANSIONINSM Russia, Poland, Lebensraum A = AGGRESSIVE Hitler was prepared to use force to get what he wanted R = RACIST Germans as Master Race… Slavs, Jews, Gypsies are inferior

The Versailles Treaty is worthless. 60 million German hearts and minds are on fire with anger and shame. They will cry out ‘We want war!’ It will be the duty of German foreign policy to get large spaces to feed and house the growing population of Germany. Destiny points us towards Russia. The menace of Russia hangs over Germany. All our strength is needed to rescue our nation from this international snake.

GERMANY’S PROBLEMS HITLER’S SOLUTION HITLER’S FOREIGN POLICY

Hitler’s Foreign Policy... I SWEAR TO “UNITE ALL ETHNIC GERMANS INTO THE BODY OF THE REICH!!!” IRREDENTISM = uniting all people of one race / ethnicity into a single country I R R E D E N T I S M = u n i t i n g a l l p e o p l e o f o n e r a c e / e t h n i c i t y i n t o a s i n g l e c o u n t r y

Through the T. O. V Germany lost land to… -Denmark -Poland -Lithuania -Czechoslovakia -France You must carve in your heart these words, as in stone: What we have lost, Will be regained!

STEP 1 REARMAMENT: In 1933 Hitler left the League of Nations – the international body set up after WW1 to try to manage international disputes He started rearming Germany in secret… In 1935 he declared this publically… In 1936 he started conscription (forcing men to join the army) CARD But Britain and France did nothing…

STEP 2: IN MARCH 1936, HITLER’S TOOK HIS FIRST BIG GAMBLE… MARCHING HIS TROOPS INTO THE RHINELAND, IN BREACH OF THE T. O. V. CARD AGAIN, BRITAIN AND FRANCE DID NOT REACT … THIS MADE HITLER BRAVER

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE REOCCUPATION OF THE RHINELAND It showed the democracies (France, Britain) were not willing to enforce Versailles. It showed the military weakness of the democracies. It increased Hitler’s prestige. It may have been Britain & France’s last chance to stop Hitler before the German army became too strong…

Appeasement = the policy of making concessions to a potential enemy to try to avoid a possible war This was pursued in the mid to late 1930s by Britain, led by Neville Chamberlain

STEP 3: In March 1938, Hitler marched his troops into Austria and declared Germany and Austria united… … many but not all Austrians supported him. Those who didn’t were silenced By this stage Hitler has a better hand than Britain & France – he is more ready for war… following this act Britain & France started rearming, quickly…

STEP 4: A few months later – Sep 1938 – he then occupied the Sudetenland. This was the part of Czechoslovakia that contained German- speaking people… Hitler said this was his “last claim on Europe”… …though in March 1939 he then took over the rest of the Czechoslovakia for good measure Poland was the obvious next step… … Britain & France now said that if Hitler invaded Poland they would declare war

STEP 5: September 1939 – Hitler invades Poland… Britain & France declare war … World War II begins… According to most Historians this surprised Hitler: he thought that Britain & France would continue to do nothing

Appeasement had many critics… this is a famous cartoon from 1936 by the British cartoonist, David Low Says “Boss of the Universe” 1. Rearmament 2. Rhineland Unification 3. Danzig MESSAGE? CONTENT? CONTEXT? (What you know about the period)

In March 1939 – before he invaded Poland – Hitler amazed Britain and France by signing a non- aggression agreement with Russia. This is another Low cartoon. The man on the left is Stalin, the leader of Russia / The Soviet Union. 1.MESSAGE? CONTENT? CONTEXT? 2. Why did Hitler make this deal? (think about Germany’s experience in WWI)

The Nazis & Christianity LO: Explaining Nazi policy toward the Catholic & Protestant Churches