Independence through technology

OVERVIEW The ageing population Funding of social care Transformation of the care model ICT and caring for the elderly The project

2010 to 2050, those aged 65+ will go from 524m 1.5b, globally. 1 In developed countries, 65+ will go from 16% to 26% of people will go from 4% to 10%. 2 THE WORLD POPULATION IS AGEING 1.National Institute on Ageing 2.United Nations Population Divisions statistics

Europe leads the world in old- age dependency ratio: 28%. 1 Europe currently has 4 super- aged countries. By 2025, this number will increase to “Super-aged” = 20%+ is EUROPE IS AGEING MORE AND FASTER 1.United Nations Population Divisions statistics Old-Age Dependency Ratio

The Fiscal Challenge: Tax revenue from those in work may fail to keep up with the demand for social services. The Economic Challenge: Proportionally fewer working-age people means a lower economic output overall. The Social Challenge: Existing support networks may not be able to offer sufficient services to a greying population. CHALLENGES OF AN AGEING SOCIETY

Age-related public expenditures are expected to rise by 2% of GDP by But an older population will provide less tax money to fund public spending. Where will additional tax money come from? THE FISCAL CHALLENGE 1.European Commission (2015). The Ageing Report 2.Reform, Mind the (fiscal) gap: direct taxes, public debt, and population ageing

Working-age population growth will slow, stop and reverse 1 : : + 1.7% : – 5.5% Europe will lose 8.2% of its labourers, or 19 million people 2. Where will we get workers? THE ECONOMIC CHALLENGE 1.United Nations Population Divisions statistics 2.European Commission (2015). The 2015 Ageing Report

Fertility rate of Europe: 1.58 children per woman. 1 Children are living further away from their parents. 2 Who will care for elderly and disabled people in the future? THE SOCIAL CHALLENGE 1.Eurostat (2014). Fertility statistics 2.Isengard (2013). The apple doesn’t live far from the tree: living distances between parents and adult children in Europe

In the UK, extending working lives could boost economic output by £3.3 trillion by Independent elderly are better able to care for themselves without recourse to public spending or their children. EXTENDING WORKING LIVES 1.International Longevity Centre UK (2015). Vision needed to tackle the challenge of population ageing

MODELS OF CARE

PEOPLE CURRENTLY RELY ON FAMILY AND THE SOCIAL CARE SYSTEM Problems are first dealt with by family and friends, if possible. They are then passed on to the social care system, if feasible. Technology is tertiary to both of the above, used only when necessary.

CAN TECHNOLOGY, FAMILY AND SOCIAL CARE PLAY EQUAL ROLES? Families are smaller and live further away, so will offer less support. Less funding and greater demand means there will be fewer social services. Can technology pick up the slack in family and friends and social care?

Assistive technology can reduce hospitalisation and improve health and efficiency. 1 But assistive technology has often been restricted to mean tech dealing with individual disabilities. 2 ICT can provide broader solutions. TECHNOLOGY CAN HELP 1.UK Department of Health (2013). Research and development work relating to assistive technology 2.European Commission (2013). Adaptive assistive technologies for people with disabilities

Health technology to help people monitor their own vital statistics Communication technology to allow people to stay in touch with one another Environmental control technology to help people manage their homes Security technology to make people feel more safe ICT SOLUTIONS ARE AVAILABLE NOW

iOS9 (Apple’s latest operating system) is rumoured to integrate a “Home” app to allow for control of a smart home via a smart device. Google has purchased “Nest,” another smart home suite. Other companies such as Aareon, Smart Homes and Intent Technologies integrating smart homes technologies. IN THE FUTURE, TECHNOLOGY WILL BE IN THE HOME

“…to test the ability of ICT products to help elderly and disabled people live more independently.” Five steps: 1.Identify tenant needs (2012) 2.Find and select some ICT products to fill those needs (2013) 3.Develop a platform app to organise services ( ) 4.Test selected products with tenants ( ) 5.Evaluation THEREFORE:

WP1: TENANT DIFFICULTIES

TENANTS WANT HELP WITH ICT Tenant having difficulties with: - Online banking (52%) - Accessing the internet (46%)

TENANTS WANT HELP GETTING AROUND Tenant having difficulties with: - Getting around (46%) - Attending meetings (25%) - Volunteering (21%) -Visiting friends and family (16%)

TENANTS WANT HELP WITH HOUSE WORK Tenant having difficulties with: - Shopping (37%) - Cleaning (29%) - Bathing (25%) - Cooking (20%)

61% would consider using ICT solutions for assistance 27% would not 13% don’t know TENANTS WOULD CONSIDER ICT

77% of tenants said they would not adopt technology because it was unaffordable. 54% of tenants indicated that unawareness of products made it hard to adopt them. 47% of tenants indicated they would likely find the usability of technology a barrier. BUT THERE ARE BARRIERS TO USING ICT

WP2: EXISTING SOLUTIONS

Request for information: 140 products Following evaluation: France 21 UK19 Germany15 Netherlands 8 Belgium 5 TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES ARE INTERESTED IN THIS AREA

WP2: PRODUCT INFORMATION SHOULD BE CATALOGUED

WP3: TESTING WITH TENANTS

SAMSUNG GALAXY Tablet computer

LIGHTWAVE Wireless light switches and power points

UCAM247 Wireless door camera

SALVEO Motion sensors and activity monitors

ROOMBA Robotic hoover

Daily Use of ICT “Being able to do things by myself, it’s a boost. I don’t like asking people for help, and it makes you feel a bit more – if I can use the term – more ‘normal.’ It takes away some of the disability. Being able to just, you know, clean up, or turn off the lights. To me, it means a lot. I use this stuff every day.” Safety and Security “The camera has made me feel better in myself. With it, I can always see out, so I don’t mind having the curtains or door open. It makes me feel good, more positive. It helps me in my state of mind.” TENANT FEEDBACK

Communication “I can go on and find friends I haven’t seen in years, and it’s really great being able to message them. I never knew this Facebook thing could be so good.” “I skyped my sister the other day…” Media Consumption “The tablet is so light, so much lighter than that laptop I have, that I can actually use it. I can watch television programs on it, I can browse the internet, read the news, listen to the radio… these are things I could have used my laptop for, but didn’t because it was painful for me to do so. So, this tablet has really opened the world up to me.” TENANT FEEDBACK

Learning ICT “That’s it…? You just touch the screen?” “The hoover is so simple, just press the button, and away he goes. He does as good a job as I would do, and it’s so easy to use! There aren’t even controls…” “I’m not very good at this sort of thing. You’ll have to show me time and time again, I just don’t have the kind of memory for it and I’m afraid I’ll just get frustrated.” “I feel so much more confident to just hop on and try something new out. This tablet is great, because I really feel like I can’t mess it up so I’m not afraid of just experimenting with it to learn something new!” TENANT FEEDBACK

r = 20 HELPFULNESS

r = 20 FREQUENCY OF USE

r = 20 IMPROVEMENTS IN QUALITY OF LIFE

Acceptance of Technology r = 20

The ageing of the population is a significant challenge. Elderly and disabled people are often willing to use technology to help solve their problems. There are ICT solutions available now that can help ageing and disabled people care for themselves. ICT solutions have been proven as a care option going forward. CONCLUSIONS