Enterobacteria. Biological characteristic and classification of genera

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Presentation transcript:

Enterobacteria. Biological characteristic and classification of genera Enterobacteria. Biological characteristic and classification of genera. Characteristics of genus Escherichia, Shigella and Salmonella

Family Enterobacteriaceae Genus Escherichia Shigella Edwardsiella Salmonella Citrobacter Klebsiella Enterobacter Hafnia Serratia Proteus Morganella Providencia Yersinia Ervinia

Escherichia

Antigenic structure O antigen K antigen H-antigen These antigens detected by agglutination reactions.

Biochemical reactions They ferment most of the sugars Glucose Lactose Mannitol Maltose with production acid and gas. Indol reaction is positive. H2S is not formed. Gelatin is not liquified.

Diarrhoea 1. Enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) E.coli causing diarrheal diseases are of five groups. 1. Enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) 2. Enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC) 3.Enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC) 4.Enterohaemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC) 5.Enteroaggregative E.coli (EAEC)

Laboratory diagnosis Bacteriological method.

Shigella Classification Subgroup A (S.dysenteriae) Subgroup B (S.flexneri) Subgroup C (S.boydii) Subgroup D (S.sonnei)

Morphology

Laboratory diagnosis Bacteriological method.

Salmonella Classification Causative agents of enteric fever S.typhi , S.paratyphi A, S.schottmuelleri Causative agents of gastroenteritis S.typhimurium, S.enteritidis, S.newport, S.dublin and etc. 3. Salmonella causing septicemia S.cholerae-suis

Morphology of salmonellae

Antigenic structure Flagellae antigen – H Somatic antigen – O Surface antigen – Vi, found in some species.

Classification Kauffmann-White scheme Salmonellae are classified into groups based on distinctive O antigen factors. Within each group, further identification and differentiation is by phase 1 and phase 2 H antigens.

Culture Lactose-including media SS-agar Nutrient agar Bile broth Wilson and Blair bismuth sulphite medium (BSA)

Biochemical reactions Salmonellae ferment: Glucose Mannitol Maltose forming acid and gas except S.typhi which produces only acid and no gas. Most salmonellae produce H2S. They do not ferment lactose. Indol is not produced.

Laboratory diagnosis Isolation of bacilli Demonstration of antibodies Demonstration of circulating antigen

Vaccination TAB vaccine – Live oral typhoid vaccine Purified Vi polysaccharide vaccine

Salmonella typhi