Have out your Write Now paper, spiral, summaries, and map.

 Respond to the following in complete sentences in the space for class meeting two on your paper.  What were some of the methods used to unify Germany and Italy?

What were the political, social, cultural, and economic changes brought about by nationalism and imperialism?

 Chancellor of Prussia  Used method of “Blood and Iron”  Very aggressive foreign policy.  Goal was to unite all of the German states.  Realpolitik: realistic policies “ends justify the means” (took away freedom of speech)

 Danish War- Austria and Prussia teamed up to take land from Denmark They divided up the land that they took over.  Austro-Prussian War- Prussia attacks Austria. Prussia wants all the land from the Danish War  Franco Prussian War- Bismarck tricked the leader of France (Napoleon III) into a war by switching up a telegram. Looked like Prussia was making fun of France and Napoleon could not back down. Prussia wins and gains land (Alsace and Lorraine)

 A) Invasions of Napoleon sparked Italian Nationalism (They wanted French people out)  B) Congress of Vienna : Austria takes control of northern Italy  Rest of the states rules by foreign kings

 Nationalism and Getting Rid of Foreign Rule  France leaves as result of Franco-Prussian War  Young Italy (secret nationalist group) got rid of foreign rule in:  Sardinia  Naples  Sicily  Rome

 Giuseppe Mazzini (THE SOUL)  Formed “Young Italy”  Gave speeches and inspired nationalism  Count Camillo Cavour (THE BRAIN)  Appointed by KING Victor Emmanuel II (Sardinia)  Formed Alliances with France and fought to drive Austria out of Italy

 Giuseppe Garibaldi (THE SWORD)  Was a soldier – leader of RED SHIRTS  Helped unite Northern and Southern Italy  Aggressively fought for nationalism  Freed SICILY AND NAPLES handed over Sardinia

 Capitalism  Socialism  Communism

 Read Summary 22.5  Underline the main ideas  Circle the vocabulary words.  Answer all the questions.  Annotate in the margins:  Paragraph 1 –  3 problems  2 obstacles  Paragraph 2-  3 reforms of Alexander II  5 Responses to the reforms  Paragraph 3  2 reasons for unrest  2 results of Bloody Sunday