Estimating and Scheduling CEE 492 Lecture 3 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) © Awad S. Hanna, PhD, P.E.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) A hierarchical system which sub-divides larger elements of the project into smaller elements The smallest unit of the WBS is the work package. © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna Copyright

© Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Work Breakdown Structure Example Level Work Breakdown Structure Level Description 1 Warehouse Total Project 2 Administration Mobilization/ Demobilization Landscaping Main Facility Subproject 3 Sitework Footing Floor Slab Masonry Wall Steel Columns & Joints Roof System Interior Finishes Category of Work 4 Excavate Footings Form & Reinforce Footings Place Footings Work Package 5 Labor Material Equipment Resources © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Work Breakdown Structure Example: Work Breakdown Structure Alliant has decided to self perform the electrical work for their new warehouse expansion of 100,000sq.ft, of which 12,500sq.ft is office space. The warehouse space allows 42.65ft and 53.31ft of clearance to the bottom of the exposed roof structure above. The project is located 20miles from Alliant office in Madison, Wisconsin. The site is large with adequate access and plenty of surrounding space for lay down area. Develop what your team can agree is an appropriate Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) of approximately 10-20 activities for the entire project. Expand the electrical work node to show more details of electrical construction activities. Be prepared to report back to the class of what your WBS is. Prof. Awad Hanna Copyright

Prof. Awad Hanna Copyright

Prof. Awad Hanna Copyright

Work Breakdown Structure Manufacturing / Warehouse Expansion Site Development Foundation Superstructure Shell Interior work and finishes (office) Interior work and finishes (warehouse / Manufacturing) Alteration of existing structure External work and Site improvement Install site drains Construct manholes City connection to sanitary sewer Install water main Install sprinkler fire loop Secondary power cable Electrical conduit Pull wire Install light fixture Electrical panel & fixture Test electrical system Prof. Awad Hanna Copyright

Bar Chart for Category of WBS Section Networks No Scale Materials and Subcontractors (Procurement) Site Items Site Items Foundations To Subsequent Construction Networks Completion Site Preparation and Utilities Essential Intl. Utilities Complete Site Prep and Utilities Foundation and Superstructure Foundations Superstructure Exterior Building Skin External Walls Roof Construction Roof Level Work Roof Level Works Interior Work and Finishes Interior Finishes Alteration Work Alterations External Works / Site Improvements External Works 1st Stage External Works Last stage Prof. Awad Hanna Copyright

Step 3: Develop Activity List Mobilize Under slab work Install switch gear and substations Secondary power cable and supports Branch conduit for office Primary conduit Pull wires for office Branch conduit Wall sockets and light fixtures for office Panels and boxes for office Pull wire Road lighting Wall sockets and light fixtures Panels and boxes Test electric for office Test electrical Install and test vending equipment for office Test and activate power Install and test vending equipment Punch list Prof. Awad Hanna Copyright

Work Breakdown Structure (Cont.) The scope of work in each work package should be defined to avoid overlaps and omissions between work packages. Work packages should be defined in terms of design, construction methods, and completion requirements, with associated performance dates. © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Scope of Work Packages Each work packages should be: 1. Manageable Specific authority and responsibility can be assigned 2. Independent With minimum interfacing or dependence on other elements 3. Measurable In terms of progress 4. Integrable © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

The Project Cost System Objectives of Establishing Project Cost System 1. Keep the construction costs of the project within the established budget. 2. Develop labor and equipment productivity information for estimating the cost of future work. © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Cost Code Project Number Area Code Distribution Code Work Type Code 0908BN 05 03157.20 3 Cost Code for stripping concrete formwork for bridge deck (Labor) © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

0908BN 05 03157.20 3 Project Number Eighth project in 2009 (Bridge) N = Negotiated © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

0908BN 05 03157.20 3 Area Code Geographic location OR Associate field cost with specific supervisor or management © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

0908BN 05 03157.20 3 Work Type Code 03 Concrete 0315 Concrete Formwork 03157 Wood Concrete Formwork 03157.20 Wood Concrete Formwork for Deck 03157.30 Wood Concrete Formwork for Abutment © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

0908BN 05 03157.20 3 Distribution Code 1. Total 2. Material 3. Labor 4. Equipment 5. Sub-Contract © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Cost Code and Cost Control All items of expense are charged to the project where they are incurred. "General" or "miscellaneous“ cost accounts should not be used, it is poor practice, and should be avoided. For the cost code to serve its basic purpose, it must be understood and used consistently by all company personnel. © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Cost Accounting Reports Cost report intervals are a function of the project size, nature of the work, and the type of contract involved. There must be a balance between the cost of generating the reports and the value of the management information received. © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Cost Codes The most widely used cost codes are Masterformat, CSI (Construction Specifications Institute) Uniformat, UCI (Uniform Construction Index). Masterformat is widely used by software packages and government agencies. © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Cost Codes (Cont.) Masterformat Uniformat Has 16/50 divisions Divisions were developed according to trades Uniformat Has 12 divisions Tends to follow the progress of construction © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna

Relationship Between UNIFORMAT & MASTERFORMAT © Ⓒ Prof Awad S. Hanna