Module 3 Permits & Approvals Site Design Gas/Electric Service Plumbing Driveway Banking Inspections Heating Zoning If They Would Only Follow Procedure! 1

There are four types of residential foundation systems 1.Poured Concrete 2.Block 3.Piling or Peered 4.Permanent Wood Foundation What are three primary reasons for which foundation system we choose to use? 1.Structural Strength 2.Dryness & Waterproofing 3.Energy Efficiency 2

What is Poured concrete? Where you have a form and a concrete base What is Block foundation? Usually made of Cinder Block What is Piling or Pier? What is Permanent Wood Foundation? Pilings are either concrete or wood Where you actually build a house on pillars and lay all wood flooring. No slab 3

Ridge of Roof Ridge board Rafters Facial Knee Wall Eave of Roof Birds Mouth Header Floor Joist Stud Footer Gravel Floor Concrete Floor Footer Horizontal Plate Bridging Stud Stone Veneer Bearing Support Floor Sheathing Ceiling Joist 4

Structural Definition: supported mainly by a skeleton, or frame, of wood, steel, or reinforced concrete rather than by load-bearing walls, or frame structure Rigid, frames have fixed joints that enable the frames to resist lateral forces. Other frames require diagonal bracing or shear walls and diaphragms for lateral stability. Loads Definition: a mass or weight supported by something. In construction it supports the loads of a structure. 5

A “Structural Load” in building construction, is the particular method of assembling and constructing structural elements of a building so that they support and transmit applied loads safely to the ground without exceeding the allowable stresses in the members Two types of structural loads: 1.Dead Loads- The loads or weight of the structure itself. a. Example: on floor system it would be the floor joist and sheathing. 2. Live Loads- The changing load. ( variable load) a. Example: on floor system, furniture, people (changing). b. Example: on roof system, snow, wind 6

Rafter- any of the parallel beams that support a roof. Joist- any of the small timbers or metal beams ranged parallel from wall to wall in a structure to support a floor or ceiling. Deflection is the movement of a structure or structural part as a result of stress 7

What can you do to increase the strength of a joist or rafter? 1.Increase Size of joist or rafter. 2.Reduce Spacing of joist or rafter 3.Reduce Span of joist or rafter 4.Double Joist 5.Change Lumber grade 6.Change Use of Lumber.  Construction of a new home is a very time consuming process.  Usually is the biggest expense and individual will incur.  Construction is your first priority  You as an agent need to familiarize yourself with the information above. You do not have to be a builder or an engineer, just be good at demonstrating your expertise! 8

Shed Roof Flat Roof Gable Roof Salt Box Roof Doghouse Roof Gambrel Hip Roof Mansard Roof These are just some of styles used today. There are more details to come on roofs. 9

Roof Pitches Roof pitches are described as a ratio between Rise and Run Rise is= RUN IS = HORIZONTAL 10

Truss Construction Trusses can carry a larger span. Trusses are more flexible to layout a home. All Trusses are manufactured indoors. They are cut with special saws and compressed together. 11 Common Roof System

Pressure Treated Lumber For rot to occur in wood, four things must be present: 1.Oxygen 2.Moisture 3.Temperature 4.Food Source Pressure treated lumber eliminates the FOOD SOURCE. Chemical Most Commonly Used Chromated Copper Arsenic (CCA) 12

ApplicationRetention Above Ground0.25 Ground or Fresh Water Contact 0.40 Salt Water Splash0.60 Wood Foundation0.60 Salt Water Immersion2.50 Levels of Chemical Retention Recommended by the American Wood- Preserver’s Association: Pressure treated lumber producers typically offer a life time warranty when materials are used correctly. 13

Roofing Terminology Roofing Materials: Fiberglass/asphalt shingles Single ply/built-up concrete/clay/ceramic tiles Wood shingles/shakes Aluminum/copper/galvanized steel Real/simulated slate 14

Door Opening Standard interior door (Left Hand) Double Action Door Single Window Unit (Just drawn differently) Double Window Unit Doors & Window Symbols 15

Doors & Window Symbols Continued…. Double Doors Sliding or Bypass Door Pocket Door Double Bi-fold Door Bay Window (45 degree angle) Exterior Sliding Door Box Bay Window Center Hinge Patio Door 16

17 Single Pole Switch ( 1-light) Double Pole Switch - (220 volt) 3 Way Switch 4 Way Switch- (more than 1 switch for light) Telephone Jack Intercom Ceiling Light Outlet Recessed Light ( cam) Single Receptacle Double Receptacle 220 V Receptacle Split Wired Receptacle Special Purpose TV Antenna Jack - Cable Fan/Light Combination Wall Light Outlet

Heating & Cooling Systems Types of Heating Systems: 1. Gas or Oil Forced Air- (93% efficiency) 2. Electric Heat Pump a. air source b. ground source 3. Resistance Electric (least expensive, least efficient) 4. Boilers Types of Cooling Systems: 1.Central Air Conditioning 2.Electric Heat Pump Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio 18

HVAC SYSTEM LAYOUT 19

Plumbing Symbols 20

Plumbing Systems Three Major Components: 1.Service Lines (copper preferred choice) 2.Drain or Waste Lines 3.Vent Lines (connected to drain or waste lines) Vent Lines Hot Service Line Waste Lines 21

Energy Efficient Construction 1. Increase R-Values a)Foundation Insulation b)Increase side wall insulation c)Increase ceiling insulation d)use better windows 2. Reduce Air-Infiltration a)Air Vapor Barrier b)Caulk and Sealants c)Use house wrap 3 Ways we try to Minimize the Transfer of Heat Energy in Building 3. Controlling Moisture a)Air Vapor Barrier b)Continuous Eave Ventilation c)Roof Top Ventilation 22

Insulation Materials We Use Today! 1.Loose Fill or Blown In 2.Rigid Insulation Boards 3.Reflective Insulation 4.Expanding Foam-In Place 23

Molding & Trim Crown Molding Casing Chair rail SillApron Doors can be Solid Core or Hollow Core Base Shoe Molding Base Molding 24

Construction Financing Information Two types of financing typical used to provide funds through the process of construction: 1.Construction Loan 2.Construction Permanent Combination Construction to Perm To secure your construction financing, you must own the land! Memorandum of Transfer- Describe the Transfer of Land! Waiver of Priority- Buyers need to waiver their property lien position! 25

The typical loan application package includes: Loan Application Signed Contract Plans/Blueprints Detailed Specifications Cost Breakdowns Legal Description 26