DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

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The Human Digestive System
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Presentation transcript:

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

FUNCTION * PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL BREAKDOWN OF FOOD FOR ABSORPTION.

ORGANIZATION/COMPONENTS 1.ALIMENTARY CANAL: MOUTH  PHARYNX  ESOPHAGUS  STOMACH  SM. INTESTINE  LG. INTESTINE 2. ACCESSORY ORGANS: TEETH & TONGUE, SALIVARY GLANDS, LIVER, GALLBLADDER, PANCREAS, APPENDIX

TYPES OF DIGESTION 1. MECHANICAL: CRUSHING OF FOOD BY TEETH AND PERISTALTIC CONTRACTIONS FROM STOMACH & SM. INTESTINE. 2. CHEMICAL: ENZYMES FROM SALIVA, STOMACH, PANCREAS, AND LIVER.

PATHWAY OF DIGESTION 1. MOUTH: BEGINS DIGESTION (CARBOHYDRATES) USING SALIVARY AMYLASE; TEETH TO CRUSH!

2. PHARYNX: AUTONOMIC REFLEX FOR SWALLOWING

3. ESOPHAGUS: PERISTALTIC WAVES TO MOVE FOOD

4. STOMACH: HYDROCHLORIC ACID + ENZYMES PRODUCE SEMI-SOLID MIXTURE (“CHYME”).

(PEPTIC) ULCERS – OPEN SORES IN ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, OR SM. INTESTINE. * MAIN CAUSE -- BACTERIA CALLED HELICOBACTER PYLORI (H. PYLORI)

5. INTESTINES: A. ABSORPTION THRU GI TRACT WALL BY “VILLI.” B. MOST DIGESTION OCCURS IN SM. INTESTINE C. LARGE INTESTINE – REMOVES WATER FROM UNDIGESTED MATERIAL (“FECES”).

ACCESSORY ORGANS

LIVER 1.LOCATION: UPPER RT QUAD OF ABD. CAVITY. *LARGEST GLAND IN THE BODY! 2.SECRETES “BILE” – “EMULSIFIES” FAT & DETOXIFIES POISONOUS SUBSTANCES

PANCREAS 1.EXOCRINE – SECRETES PANCREATIC JUICE 2.ENDOCRINE – SECRETES HORMONES: GLUCAGON AND INSULIN

SUMMARY

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