Muscle Anatomy

Muscle Anatomy Terminology Fascia – thin connective tissue – provides support for muscle Tendon – connects muscle to bone (ropelike) Aponeuroses – connects muscle to bone or muscle to another muscle (thin, wide, flat)

Flexion – decreasing the angle b/w two body parts Extension – increasing the angle b/w two body parts Plantarflexion – Pointing the toes downward Dorsiflexion – Pointing the toes upward

Abduction – Movement away from the midline of the body (Abduct = take away, kidnap) Adduction – Movement toward the midline of the body (adding to the body) Pronation – rotation (of the arms) inward Supination – rotation (of the arms) outward

Inversion – Pointing the soles of the feet inward (m/c position for ankle sprains) Eversion – Pointing the soles of the feet outward Protraction – sticking out Retraction – Bringing it back in

Elevation – Lifting up Depression – Movement downward Circumduction – Rotating so the distal end of the bone forms a circle Rotation – Movement around a central axis

Muscle info Prime Mover – muscle that performs the majority of the work for a certain action Synergists – muscles that assist the prime mover Antagonist – muscles that perform the opposite action as another group of muscles

Muscle – the muscle’s name Origin – the non-moving point of attachment Insertion – the moving point of attachment Action – what the muscle does How Muscles Are Named Shape – Rhomboid, Deltoid, Teres Major Location – SCM, Frontalis Action – Levator Scapula, Supinator More than one – Biceps Brachii, Serratus Anterior

M: Frontalis O: Galea Aponeurotica I: Skin of Eyebrows A: Raise Eyebrows M: Orbicularis Oculi O: Maxillary, Frontal Bone I: Skin of eyelids A: Squint, Blink, Close eyes tightly M: Zygomaticus Major/Minor O: I: Angle/Corner of Mouth A: Smiling, laughing M: Orbicularis Oris O: I: Skin of Lips A: Purse, pucker lips Muscles of Facial Expression

M: Occipitalis O: Occipital Bone I: Galea Aponeurotica A: Pulls scalp back