Digestion and Nutrition

1. Decidu-8. -clast 2. Hepat- 9. saccharide 3. odonto-10. peri- 4. di-11. Gastr- 5. –blast12. Dent- 6. poly- 13. lingu- 7. Chym(e/o) Front cover (old) & pg 386 (new)

ENZYMES Definition: A protein that speeds up chemical reactions WITHOUT being changed. (catalyst) Definition: A protein that speeds up chemical reactions WITHOUT being changed. (catalyst)

ENZYMES Substrate: Substance acted upon by the enzyme. Substrate: Substance acted upon by the enzyme.

ENZYMES Products: substances resulting from enzyme action. Products: substances resulting from enzyme action.

Substrate(s) Substrate(s) + Enzymes + Enzymes Product(s) Product(s)

Enzymes Co-enzymes/co- factors: Vitamins and minerals that help enzyme by keeping it in ACTIVE form. Co-enzymes/co- factors: Vitamins and minerals that help enzyme by keeping it in ACTIVE form.

Enzymes Lock and Key – Enzymes are like a key that can ONLY fit a certain lock or substrate. Lock and Key – Enzymes are like a key that can ONLY fit a certain lock or substrate.

Enzymes Binding site: site that holds the enzyme and the substrate together. Binding site: site that holds the enzyme and the substrate together.

Enzymes Active site – site on an enzyme molecule directly responsible for the chemical change. Active site – site on an enzyme molecule directly responsible for the chemical change.

Enzymes Find FOUR factors that affect enzymes. Find FOUR factors that affect enzymes. Pages 78 new Pages 78 new

ENZYMES Denature: Denature: Irreversible alteration of the shape of a protein. (destroying structure) Irreversible alteration of the shape of a protein. (destroying structure)

DIGESTIVE TRACT ANATOMY

Two names: Two names: Alimentary canal and G.I. tract Alimentary canal and G.I. tract

ORAL CAVITY Color Code. Teeth only. Color Code. Teeth only. Page 391 new Page 391 new Incisors, Canines, Premolars and Molars. Incisors, Canines, Premolars and Molars.

ORAL CAVITY Oral cavity = Mouth Oral cavity = Mouth Responsibilities: Responsibilities: Physical and chemical breakdown, lubrication, and sensory Physical and chemical breakdown, lubrication, and sensory

ORAL CAVITY Ingestion: Take it in Ingestion: Take it inVs. Mastication: Chewing Mastication: Chewing

ORAL CAVITY Physical: Mechanical (Teeth) Physical: Mechanical (Teeth)Vs Chemical: Enzymatic (Saliva) Chemical: Enzymatic (Saliva)

Teeth

TEETH 32 permanent 32 permanent 20 deciduous- baby teeth 20 deciduous- baby teeth

TEETH A. Incisors: 8 A. Incisors: 8 For biting, cutting, shearing For biting, cutting, shearing

TEETH B. Canines (Cuspids): 4 B. Canines (Cuspids): 4 For tearing For tearing

TEETH C. Premolars: 8 C. Premolars: 8 Used for crushing Used for crushing

TEETH D) Molars: 12 D) Molars: 12 Grinding and crushing Grinding and crushing

Structure of teeth

Tooth Color code the tooth on page 4. Label a-k. (392) Color code the tooth on page 4. Label a-k. (392)

Label the CROWN, NECK, and ROOT found on the tooth Label the CROWN, NECK, and ROOT found on the tooth

Tooth A). Enamel: Hardest substance in body, covers crown. A). Enamel: Hardest substance in body, covers crown.

Tooth B) Dentin: Bone like odontoblasts B) Dentin: Bone like odontoblasts

Tooth C). Cementum: Binds tooth into socket. C). Cementum: Binds tooth into socket.

Tooth E. Pulp: nerves, blood vessels E. Pulp: nerves, blood vessels

J. Gingiva: Gums that surround the bases of teeth J. Gingiva: Gums that surround the bases of teeth

Bacterial Infection of the Gingiva

K. Periodontal membrane: ligament-holds the tooth in place K. Periodontal membrane: ligament-holds the tooth in place

Tooth Side note: Side note: There are ____ permanent teeth There are ____ permanent teeth There are ____deciduous (Baby) teeth. There are ____deciduous (Baby) teeth.

TONGUE Color code the mouth on the bottom of page 4. Color b, c, d, e, f, and k. Color code the mouth on the bottom of page 4. Color b, c, d, e, f, and k.