Industrial Revolution

I.Industrial Revolution

A.Origin in England

1.Natural resources like coal and iron ore I’ve got natural resources like whoa!

A. Origin in England 2.Many rivers allow for water-power and water disposal

A. Origin in England 3.Invention of the steam engine

I. Industrial Revolution A.Origin in England B.Spread to Europe and the United States

I. Industrial Revolution A.Origin in England B.Spread to Europe and the United States C.Role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries

1.Desire for textiles came from India

C. Role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries 2.Steel is produced cheaply by Henry Bessemer

C. Role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries 3.These industries helped refine industrialization

C. Role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries 4.Made factories more efficient by becoming automated

I. Industrial Revolution A.Origin in England B.Spread to Europe and the United States C.Role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries D.Relationship to the British Enclosure Movement

1.Farmers began to enclose their farms to keep other farmers and livestock out

D. Relationship to the British Enclosure Movement 2.By enclosing farms, many people lost their land and there is a huge migration to cities, which provides cheap labor

I. Industrial Revolution A.Origin in England B.Spread to Europe and the United States C.Role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries D.Relationship to the British Enclosure Movement E.Rise of the factory system and demise of cottage industries

1.People begin buying and selling goods produced in bulk from factories rather than homemade goods produced in the home

E. Rise of the factory system and demise of cottage industries 2.Factory-created goods are cheaper and the quality is consistent

I. Industrial Revolution A.Origin in England B.Spread to Europe and the United States C.Role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries D.Relationship to the British Enclosure Movement E.Rise of the factory system and demise of cottage industries F.Rising economic powers that wanted to control raw materials and markets throughout the world

F. Rising economic powers that wanted to control raw materials 1.Mercantilism is still important

F. Rising economic powers that wanted to control raw materials 2.This causes a greater need for colonies

I.Industrial Revolution II.Technological advances that produced the Industrial Revolution

II. Technological advances that produced the IR A.James Watt—Steam engine

II. Technological advances that produced the IR B.Eli Whitney—Cotton gin

II. Technological advances that produced the IR C.Henry Bessemer— Process for making steel

I.Industrial Revolution II.Technological advances that produced the Industrial Revolution III.Advancements in science and medicine

A.Edward Jenner—Developed smallpox vaccination

III. Advancements in science and medicine B.Louis Pasteur— Discovered bacteria

I.Industrial Revolution II.Technological advances that produced the Industrial Revolution III.Advancements in science and medicine IV.Impacts of the Industrial Revolution on industrialized countries

IV. Impacts of the IR on industrialized countries A.Population increase

IV. Impacts of the IR on industrialized countries B.Increased standards of living for many, though not all

IV. Impacts of the IR on industrialized countries C.Improved transportation

IV. Impacts of the IR on industrialized countries D.Urbanization

IV. Impacts of the IR on industrialized countries E.Environmental pollution

IV. Impacts of the IR on industrialized countries F.Increased education

IV. Impacts of the IR on industrialized countries G.Dissatisfaction of working class with working conditions

IV. Impacts of the IR on industrialized countries H.Growth of the middle class

I.Industrial Revolution II.Technological advances that produced the Industrial Revolution III.Advancements in science and medicine IV.Impacts of the Industrial Revolution on industrialized countries V.Competing Economic Theories

A.Capitalism

1.Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations

A. Capitalism 2.Role of market competition and entrepreneurial abilities

A. Capitalism 3.Impact on standard of living and the growth of the middle class

A. Capitalism 4.Dissatisfaction with poor working conditions and the unequal distribution of wealth in society

V. Competing Economic Theories A.Capitalism B.Socialism and Communism

1.Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto (written with Friedrich Engels) and Das Capital

B. Socialism and Communism 2.Response to the injustices of capitalism

B. Socialism and Communism 3.Importance of redistribution of wealth to the communists

VI.The nature of work in the factory system

A.Family-based cottage industries displaced by the factory system

VI. The nature of work in the factory system B.Harsh working conditions with men competing with women and children for wages

VI. The nature of work in the factory system C.Child labor that kept costs of production low and profits high

VI. The nature of work in the factory system D.considerable control over the lives of their laborers

VI.The nature of work in the factory system VII.Impact of the Industrial Revolution on slavery

A.The cotton gin increased demand for slave labor on American plantations.

VII. Impact of the Industrial Revolution on slavery B.The United States and Britain outlawed the slave trade and then slavery

VI.The nature of work in the factory system VII.Impact of the Industrial Revolution on slavery VIII.Social effects of the Industrial Revolution

A.Women and children entering the workplace as cheap labor

VIII. Social effects of the Industrial Revolution B.Introduction of reforms to end child labor

VIII. Social effects of the Industrial Revolution C.Expansion of education

VIII. Social effects of the Industrial Revolution D.Women’s increased demands for suffrage

VI.The nature of work in the factory system VII.Impact of the Industrial Revolution on slavery VIII.Social effects of the Industrial Revolution IX.The rise of labor unions

A.Encouraged worker-organized strikes to increase wages and improve working conditions

IX. The rise of labor unions B.Lobbied for laws to improve the lives of workers, including women and children

IX. The rise of labor unions C.Wanted worker rights and collective bargaining between labor and management