Aim: How does the criminal justice system work with regards to forensic science?

Harborville's Beach Snack Shop had been open only an hour when Max stopped in and noticed a new poster announcing a price increase. "I put the sign up this morning," Mr. Jones told him. "I had to raise my prices 10% because I have so many new expenses. Like now I need a new window for my back room. Somebody broke it, trying to get into my store last night." "Have you called the police?" Max asked. Mr. Jones replied, "No. Nothing was stolen." He led Max to a small storeroom in the back and said, “I use this space as an office. Sat here and made my price change poster last night. Soon as I was done, I left it on that old desk. I locked the door to the main part of my store when I left, so whoever got in was stuck in this little storeroom. There’s nothing here to steal." CAN YOU SOLVE IT?

When Max left he wandered down to the break wall, where Nathan and Trevor were fishing. "Did you hear that somebody broke a window at the Shack?" he asked. "Nope," Nathan said. "We've been here since dawn and haven't talked to anybody." Trevor gestured to the bucket. "We've caught some big ones." Nathan stood. "But now I'm starving. I've got a dollar left from my allowance. If Mr. Jones is there now, I'm going up to the Shack to get a Big Beach Bun." "Better get another dime from somewhere," Trevor told him. "A dollar's not enough any more. As for me, I'm going home to get a couple sandwiches for myself." "You both stay right here," Max said. "I know which one of you broke that window. You'd better think of a way to pay for it, because I'm telling Mr. Jones." How did Max figure it out?

Mr. Jones had just put up his poster about the price increase that morning. Nathan and Trevor said they had been fishing since dawn and had spoken to no one. Since Trevor knew that a dollar bun was now a dollar and ten cents, he must have been the one who broke the window and got inside the back room, where he read the poster lying on the old desk.

Civil Law (private law) Civil Law (private law) deals with relationships between individuals deals with relationships between individuals Property, contracts, divorces, negligence Property, contracts, divorces, negligence Criminal Law (public law) Criminal Law (public law) Regulation and enforcement of rights Regulation and enforcement of rights Murder, rape, armed robbery, assault, etc… Murder, rape, armed robbery, assault, etc…

Misdemeanor - Minor Crime Theft, battery, possession of small amount of drugs Theft, battery, possession of small amount of drugs Felony - Major Crime Murder, Rape, Fraud Murder, Rape, Fraud

The Right to… Be presumed innocent until proven guilty Unreasonable search and seizure Not be arrested without probable cause Against self incrimination To fair questioning an attorney Trial by jury The Right to… Not to be tried for the same crime twice A speedy trial Speak and present witness Be Treated the same as others regardless of race, gender, religion, country of origin, or other personal attributes

Actions labeled as presenting “clear and present danger” to the national security of the country may lead to the suspension of the bill of rights Actions labeled as presenting “clear and present danger” to the national security of the country may lead to the suspension of the bill of rights 1. Define the terms “liberty” and “security” 2. Explain the relationship between liberty and security 3. Can you have liberty while maintaining security? 4. Can you have security and still maintain the liberties that are guaranteed to us through our Constitution?

Look at the phrases and words below and decide if they represent liberty, security or both. Be ready to give reasons to support your answers. SEARCH WARRANT WAR DEFENSE FREEDOM DEMOCRACY ID CARDS SPYING TERRORISM FREE SPEECH JULY 4, 1776 POWER FBI

1. How many of you had trouble deciding which words belonged in which category? 2. Which ones were the hardest to categorize? 3. Looking at how you categorized the words, do you see any relationship between liberty and security? a) How are they similar? b) How are they different? 4. Which do you think is more important in a democracy, liberty or security? Why?

From Ancient Rome From Ancient Rome Themis (goddess of justice and law) Themis (goddess of justice and law) Scales = impartiality of justice Scales = impartiality of justice Sword = power of those making decisions Sword = power of those making decisions Blindfold = justice is not subject to influence Blindfold = justice is not subject to influence

Violation Violation Infraction Infraction

1. Crime committed 2. Police investigate 3. Arrest Warrant issued 4. Suspect booked 5. Arraignment 6. Bail set 7. Preliminary hearing/grand jury 8. Trial or Plea Bargain

Defendant brought before court to hear charges and enter a plea Usually less than 72hrs after booking Bail is usually set

Money put up to guarantee the defendant will appear in court Bondsman may pay the bail for a fee of 10% If defendant does not show up in court bondsman hires bounty hunters to find suspect

Before a magistrate or judge Determines whether a person charged with a crime should be held for trial Cross examinations allowed Judge considers past record, the offense, to dismiss or reduce charges or insufficient evidence

Determines if there is enough evidence to bring accused to trial citizens No cross examination Decided by majority vote

Civil vs. Criminal Law Misdemeanor vs. Felony Bill of Rights Patriot Act Arraignment and Bail Grand Jury vs. Preliminary Hearing