Rome and the Rise of Christianity Section 1. The Rise of Rome.

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Presentation transcript:

Rome and the Rise of Christianity

Section 1. The Rise of Rome

Geography

Centrally located in the Mediterranean 7 hills=defense Located on the Tiber River=safe from sea attack, but had access to the sea

People of early Italy

Greeks-- Southern Italy

Etruscans--North of Rome Kings of Early Rome

Etruscan writing

Etruscan Funeral

Etruscan tomb

Etruscan Sarcophagus

Etruscan Temple

Belief in Soothsayers

Latins-- Rome

Romulus and Remus

The Republic 509 BC--Latins overthrow Etruscan kings and create a Republic (Representative government)

Class Struggle between The Patricians-- Landed Aristocrats And...

The Plebeians: commoners

Peace brought about by The Twelve Tables Written legal code Guaranteed rights to Plebeians

Republican Government 2 Consuls--temporary power of kings Tribunes-- representatives of the plebs

Senate:elected representatives

Dictator--single ruler during emergency

The Roman Army

Legion—basic unit— 5,000 men

10 years universal service

Highly disciplined and trained

The Turtle

Balista

Medical kit

Roman Fort

Rome Conquers the Mediterranean 390 BC Rome sacked by Gauls--increases its army Romans conquer Italy

Pyrrhus Greek general who defeated Rome in every battle Lost so many men that the Greeks lost the war “Pyrrhic Victory”)

Citizenship for conquered territories= Lasting empire

Punic Wars BC

Rome and Carthage clash over trade

Carthage

Med. Trade empire Centered on North Africa

First Punic War Carthage’s Advantages: –Greater population

World’s greatest navy

Rome’s Advantages: –Better Army--not mercenaries –Loyal allies –(no Navy)

Rome builds a navy

Rome wins, gets Sicily

2nd Punic War

Hamilcar Barca and his son Hannibal in Spain

Hannibal Invades Italy from Spain

Crosses the Alps with elephants

Crushes Romans at Canae (30,000 Romans)

10 years in Italy, but no victory: Romans wouldn’t leave the cities

Roman General Scipio attacks Carthage

Hannibal forced to return home--defeated at Zama Scipo becomes Scipio Aficanus

Third Punic War Rome attacks Carthage out of spite

Carthaginian’s Last Stand

Carthage burned

Rome takes over its empire— now rules the Mediterranean

Intermission