Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cycle Sunlight ATP sugar

THE BIG PICTURE Photosynthesis Provides the _____________ we breathe and the __________ heterotrophs (like us) consume to survive _____________ + ____________ _______________ + ____________ Carbon dioxide WATERSugarsOxygen OXYGEN sugars

Cells transform energy from sun into chemical potential energy ReactantsProducts 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O sunlight C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Carbon Water glucose oxygen Dioxide

Conservation of Mass and Energy Matter and energy can never be created or destroyed, only transformed Sun energy chemical potential energy(glucose )

Light Energy Chloroplast CO 2 + H 2 OSugars + O 2

Factors effecting photosynthesis 1. amount of water 2. amount of carbon dioxide 3. amount of sunlight 4. Temperature

Factors that Affect Photosynthesis ____________________ Water is one of the raw materials needed, so A shortage of water can ________________ photosynthesis AMOUNT OF WATER Desert plants and conifers that live in dry conditions have a waxy coating on their leaves to prevent water loss. slow or stop

Factors that Affect Photosynthesis Photosynthesis enzymes function best between 0° C - 35° C At temperatures above or below this range, photosynthesis will slow or stop Conifers in winter may carry out photosynthesis only occasionally TEMPERATURE

Factors that Affect Photosynthesis ____________________ More light increases rate of photosynthesis up to a certain level until plant reaches its maximum rate of photosynthesis LIGHT INTENSITY See effect of light experiment

How do these organisms get energy from sun? Plants? Photosynthesis Animals? Eating organisms that can photosynthesis? Explain us eating hamburgers…

What two reactants cause a plant to gain mass? 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O sunlight C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 What attributes to the mass gain of a plant? How do you know its this product? So what two reactant contribute to mass gain?

Cellular Respiration …Is the reason we breath Oxygen in and Carbon Dioxide out

The process of releasing the energy from FOOD (glucose) to make ATP= Cellular Respiration

How is this formula similar to photosynthesis? ReactantsProducts C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy Glucose oxygencarbon water ATP dioxide Net reaction shown above A gradual release of energy from breaking down of glucose. This happens when there is oxygen present. If it released energy all at once all the energy would be lost as heat and light

Cellular Respiration Aerobic – in the presence of oxygen When one molecule of glucose breaks down… 36 ATP produced 38% efficient (better than standard car) 62% remaining, released as heat Anaerobic – in the absence of oxygen A different metabolic pathway used Only 2 ATP produced Animals: lactic acid fermentation Plants: alcoholic fermentation

Compare Aerobic respiration Oxygen present 36 ATP total Generates 18X more ATP Anaerobic respiration No oxygen present Makes 2 ATP only Fermentation occurs

Our body uses both systems Long Term energy After 90 seconds the only way to fuel activity is with CELLULAR RESPRIRATION Releases energy more slowly than fermentation so must pace yourself Glycogen supplies in cell last minutes Then use Fat (good for weight control Quick Energy – Sprints and resistant training! 1 st - uses small amts of ATP produced previously Use reserves of ATP for few seconds (50 meter dash) THEN - ATP produced by lactic acid fermentation - up to 90 seconds ( meters) Get rid of lactic acid with oxygen - breath harder after race

Answer the following If a cell has both chloroplasts and mitochondria, what type of organisms is it? If a cell is found only to have mitochondria what type of organism is it from? Explain why light given off by a campfire is indirectly energy from the sun? Why would a person lose weight if they exercised more, but ate the same amount?

Cellular Respiration! The process of cellular respiration results in a decreaase in mass! (weight loss).