Subject and Predicate 

How to Take Notes 1.Write fast! 2.Put what’s on the board in your own words 3.Decide what is important and what is not 4.Make note of things you don’t understand 5.Read and study them at home 6.Re-write them when preparing for a test

Cornell-Style Notes Title of Notes Take notes in this area like you normally would In this area, write notes to self, questions you have, connections to other things you’ve learned, etc. In this area, summarize what you learned At home, review your notes, review what you wrote in the margin, create sample quizzes, and come to class with questions you still don’t understand 1 st, set up your paper like so  2 nd, take notes using this format 

What is a sentence? A complete thought A subject and a predicate (noun) + (verb) Examples: The falcon flies Tommy ran. The slug jumped. I am. S V (Subject-Verb) This is the most simple sentence pattern – S V (Subject-Verb)

What does the SUBJECT do? Tells who or what the sentence is about. Tells who or what is performing the verb. Examples: falcon The falcon flies. Tommy Tommy ran. The slug jumped. I am.

What does the VERB do? is is doing Says what the subject is or is doing Examples: flies The falcon flies ran Tommy ran. The slug jumped. I am.

Create an S-V sentence Create your own S-V sentence Label the subject and verb.

Longer Subjects and Predicates A subject can be longer than just a single noun: I ate hot dogs. My family and I ate hot dogs. Everyone on the entire bus ate hot dogs. A predicate can be longer than just a single verb: I ate. I ate about ten hot dogs. I ate about ten hot dogs and then threw up.

Simplify the sentence S V Every sentence can be stripped down to its root – S V Example: I wastired Even though we had a day off on Monday and a snow day on Friday, I was still so tired yesterday morning. I was tired. Page 377, “Concept Check” Copy each sentence and label the subject and verb.

Bellwork If you were ABSENT yesterday, Work on p. 377 “Concept Check” #1-15 Copy each sentence and label the subject and verb If you were PRESENT yesterday, Work on p. 375 “Concept Check” #1-15 Copy each sentence and draw a line between the subject and predicate.

Verbs What is a verb? A word that tells what the subject is or is doing Practice – Find the verb: The pitcher threw the ball. The ball knocked the batter out cold. The medics rushed the batter to the hospital. The batter is now delirious.

2½ Different types of Verbs 1. Action – expresses what the subject is DOING Examples: RunThe boy ran. JumpSkippy jumped. EatDon ate my popsicle. ThriveThe grass thrives after a good rain. DoI did it!

2½ Different types of Verbs 2. State of being – tells what “state” the subject is in (Also called a linking verb) It links the subject to words that tell what it is or describe it Examples: IsThat car is beautiful. Other forms of this word: am, are, were, was, be LookThat car looks beautiful. SmellThat car smells beautiful.

2½ Different types of Verbs 2.5. Helping verb – join with a main verb to “help it” Examples: HaveI have known him for years CouldI could have helped. WillI will eat the ice cream. AreThey are washing the dishes. VERB PHRASE The helping verb + the main verb = the VERB PHRASE Note: Note: ALL verbs (even helping verbs) are either action or linking verbs.

Separated Parts of Verbs Sometimes verb phrases have non-verbs inserted into them. Example: People don’t always know where a ship went down. doknow People don’t always know where a ship went down. What ARE these non-verbs? ADVERBS – words that describe/change a non-noun (in this case, a verb)

Practice Page 383 Checkpoint, #1-15

Bellwork Create five sentences about your family. For each sentence, label the subject and that subject’s verb.

Compound Subjects more than one subject Sometimes the sentence has more than one subject. Consider these two examples: Louise saw Bigfoot. Louise and her friend saw Bigfoot. Who/what is the first sentence about? Who/what is the second sentences about?

Compound Verbs more than one verb Sometimes the subject has more than one verb. Consider these two examples: Bigfoot growled.Bigfoot snarled and growled. In the 1 st sentence, which word is the verb? In the 2 nd sentence, which word(s) is/are the verb?

Practice Page 385 – Drafting Skill, #11-20 Example: 11. The Abominable Snowman supposedly lives on Mt. Everest, but has also been sighted in China.

Subjects in Unusual Places Sometimes the subject isn’t where you expect it to be… Typically, where do you expect to find the SUBJECT? Tricks to finding the subject… Remember what the subject is – WHO or WHAT the sentence is about! Find the main verb of the sentence, and then ask “WHO or WHAT is performing that verb?”

Subjects in Unusual Places 1.The subject does not always come at the beginning of a sentence. (Yoda language) Sometimes an author places the verb before the subject to make the writing more interesting. Example: (usual order) Mr. Zmikly rode through the dense wilderness of Leonard in search of Bigfoot. (UNusual order) Through the dense wilderness of Leonard rode Mr. Zmikly in search of Bigfoot.

Subjects in Unusual Places 2.If a sentence is a QUESTION, the subject may come before the verb, within the verb phrase, or it may come after the verb. Examples: S-V  Who is Luke’s father? V-S  Is Luke Skywalker here? V-(S)-V  Did Darth Vader tell Luke the truth? Trick **Trick: replace the “question” word (who, where, what, etc.) with a word that would answer the question. Then, rearrange the sentence to make it a statement. This will make it easier to figure out the SUBJECT and VERB.

Subjects in Unusual Places 3.If the sentence is a COMMAND, the subject (“You”) is implied (not actually written) Example: Fetch me my slippers! What is the subject of this sentence?

Subjects in Unusual Places 4.When a sentence starts with “There,” don’t be fooled – “there” is NOT the subject! Examples: There are exciting plans for the exploration of Mars. There will be many difficult problems. What are the Subjects and Verbs of these sentences? Hint – find the verb, and then ask “who or what is performing that verb?”. **So why start a sentence with “there?” – Don’t do it!

Practice Page 397, #1-10