Unit One 9 th Grade World History II
Ch. 3.4 The Crusades Series of military expeditions between Muslims and Christians Pope Urban II in 1099 AD called for Christians to regain holy land (Jerusalem) Effects and Impact – created the desire for trade
Medieval towns: Crowded, dirty, polluted
Ch. 4.1 Middle Ages AD Also called the Medieval Period Feudalism – political and social system of nobles (lords) and vassals Knights – social prestige; backbone of European nobility Serfs – peasants legally bound to the manor
The growth of trade led to the rise of cities! Trade led to the development of a money economy Commercial capitalism – making profits (Commercial Revolution)
Christian rites – sacraments – Baptism, Wedding, Eucharist (communion) Heresy –witchcraft hysteria Inquisition- Court established to try heretics.
Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in He first mass produced the Bible. Spread the ideas of the Renaissance and Reformation.
Medieval Architecture –Romanesque churches – basilica shape, vaults, very dark style called Gothic had flying buttresses which allowed magnificent stained glass windows
Flying Buttresses
The Black Death Bubonic Plague in 1347– spread by bacterium on fleas on rats – killed 2/3 of Europe’s population 50 – 60% of cities – mainly affecting children and the elderly Ring around the rosey Pocket full of posies Ashes, We all Fall Down!!
Bubonic Plague
Hundred Years War between England and France – Joan of Arc ended war THE MIDDLE AGES END by the 15 th century
Chapter 5 Notes Section 1 The Renaissance
The Italian Renaissance Renaissance means rebirth – of ancient Greek and Roman classics, art, architecture, literature Begins in Italy and spreads throughout Europe Urban society, recovery from disasters such as plague, new view of humans and individuals ex. Leonardo Da Vinci
Documents: Magna Carta – 1215: limited the power of the King for the first time in Europe. Niccolo Machiavelli wrote– The Prince – about political power.
Renaissance Society 3 social classes or estates –Nobility: old versus new money –Townspeople and Peasants: 80 – 95% of the population –Top of urban society -- patricians
Family and Marriage Marriage contract – based on size of dowry: money given with a bride Fathers had absolute power over children had to free them before a judge.
Section 2 Notes: Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance Humanism – study of the classics – philosophy, history, ancient Greece and Rome Vernacular – language –Geoffrey Chaucer made it popular by writing the Canterbury Tales Dante wrote Divine Comedy
Education: Studied liberal arts, few females Artistic – fresco, imitate nature, human anatomy, art and architecture – copy Greek and Roman statues Raphael, Michelangelo, Durer, Leonardo da Vinci
Art History Identifications For each of the next slides, you must know the name of the painting, etc and the artist’s name
“Creation” – Sistine Chapel Ceiling by Michelangelo finished in 1512
Sistine Chapel Ceiling in Rome
Mona Lisa By Da Vinci
The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci
Vitruvian Man By Da Vinci
David By Michelangelo