EUROPE Chap.13: The Regions of EUROPE

1. Around __________, people moved into the _____________ Peninsula and built ___________. Eventually these people formed ________________, political units made up of a city and its ________________. 2. The city-state of ___________ established the first ______________. Beginning in 336 B.c., the Macedonian ____________________ conquered ___________ and part of India. 3. Another Mediterranean state, _________, ruled most of the ______________ Peninsula by 275 B.C. Rome was a ________________, a government in which ____________ elect ___________________ to rule for them. Balkan democracy city-states Alexander the Great Ch. 13:1 – Mediterranean Europe Italian republic 2000 B.C. villages surroundings Athens Persia Rome citizensrepresentatives

Μέγας Αλέξανδρος Alexander the Great B.C.

The Parthenon in Athens

The Parthenon was part of a larger complex called the Acropolis, which overlooks Athens, Greece

Structures of Ancient Rome still exist

The Coliseum in Rome

4. By the late A.D. 300s, _________ had grown into a __________________, and ______________ had become Rome’s official _____________. The ____________ Roman Empire fell in 476 A.D., and ___________ became divided into several small ___________. 5. A renewed interest in ____________ & the arts called the_______________ began about _______ and lasted until around ________. However, in 1347 ________________ reached Italy from ________ and killed millions of people. 6. Meanwhile in Spain, _______________ controlled parts of the __________ ______________ for more than 700 years. However, _____________ rulers _____________ and _____________ retook Spain from the ___________ in Christianity Renaissance states Ferdinand the plague Asia Isabella Romehuge empire religion Western Italy learning Muslims Iberian PeninsulaCatholic Muslims

Examples of Renaissance Architecture

The Bubonic Plague A.D. caused approx. 25 million deaths (about 1/3 of Europe’s population)

7. In 1492, these rulers paid for __________________________ first voyage, though ______________ had already sent out many ______________ of ________________. 8. Mediterranean Europe has a rich _____________________ and many of its buildings such as the _______________ in Greece show _______________ architectural __________. 9. The _______________ of this European region have shifted more toward _______________. For centuries the Mediterranean ____________ has been based on ______________ and ______________. Portugal manufacturing Parthenon fishingagriculture Christopher Columbus’ voyages exploration cultural heritage classical styles economies economy

Mediterranean Europe is rich in classical art and architecture

10. Mediterranean Europe has also had its share of _____________________. Two dictators, _______________ in Spain and ________________ in Italy, ruled for long periods. In addition, the _______________ want complete ______________ from Spain and have used _____________ to fight for it. Franco Basques Mussolini political turmoil independence violence

The Basques are an ethnic group that wants complete independence from Spain.

Western Europe

By 50 B.C., the ______________ had conquered the __________________ in what is now ____________. But they never fully conquered the _____________ tribes that lived in the lands ___________ of France. In the late A.D. 700s, ______________ conquered most of the ______________ region. His kingdom soon fell apart after his __________ and ____________________ remained a region of small, competing _______________. In 1517, _________________ published 95 statements that ________________ the practices of the ________________ Church. This began the _________________, a time when various ______________ churches were formed. Roman Empire Charlemagne east death Ch. 13:2 – Western Europe Roman Catholic Celtic tribes FranceGermanic Western Europe kingdoms Martin Luthercriticized protestantReformation

After Rome fell in Europe, a system called _____________ developed in which ___________________ owned most of the _________. Eventually, strong ________ gained power over feudal lords & ________________ evolved. In 1789, the ____________ began to _________ against their powerful king; this rebellion is called the ___________________. From 1600 to 1945, the nation-sates of ____________ and _______________ became strong ________. In the early 20 th century, this rivalry lead to a ___________________ called ______________. German resentment over their loss in _____________ helped to cause another conflict called _______________. During this war, the Nazis carried out the _____________, a program of mass ___________ of European _________. feudalism French Revolution nationalism GermanyFrance political World War I World War II Holocaust powerful lords land kings French rebel rivals global conflict murder Jews

Feudalism was a system of rights & privileges

World War I: , also known as the Great War

The Holocaust

Today, Western Europe has three top ___________________ nations: ______________, ______________, and the _________________. Western Europe also has a strong heritage in __________ and ________. The German composer _____________________ wrote music after going _______ and the French impressionist painter _________________ helped to pave the way for _______________. Despite these _____________ and artistic strengths, Western Europe still faces ___________. In 2000, the Austrian political leader __________________ had to resign as party head because of remarks he made that defended __________ and insulted _______________. FranceNetherlandsGermany Ludwig van Beethoven Claude Monet Joerg Haider manufacturing musicart deaf modern arteconomic conflict Nazisimmigrants

Ludwig van Beethoven

Claude Monet

1. Today, Northern Europe consists of the_______________, _____________, and the ___________ countries of ________________, _____________, _______________, ________________, and _________________. 2. Beginning around __________, Sweden, ____________, and Denmark gave rise to a group of seafaring ___________ called Norsemen, or ____________. 3. Later, in 1066, ___________________ of Normandy conquered ___________. 4. Eventually, ____________ won control of its neighbors ___________, ______________, and _______________. In 1801, this nation became known as the _________________ of ________________ and ________________. United Kingdom Denmark Ireland Finland Iceland United Kingdom Ireland Ch. 13:3 – Northern Europe NorwaySweden warriors William the Conqueror Wales Scotland Great BritainNorthern Ireland 795 A.D. Norway vikings England Nordic

Modern-day Vikings

5. Britain’s government is a ______________ that also has a representative lawmaking body called a ______________. The ____________ countries of Northern Europe also developed _______________________________. 6. In the 1800s, the ______________ Revolution spread from ____________ to other countries. Of the Nordic countries, ___________ developed the most ________________. 7. After World War II, the ___________________ underwent ___________ changes as nearly all of its colonies gained __________________. 8. Today, Northern Europe’s _______________ benefits from its many ________________________. parliament British Empire Nordic Sweden independence natural resources monarchy representative governments Industrial Britain manufacturing major economy

The British Parliament meets in these famous buildings in London.

The Industrial Revolution:

Working conditions in factories and living conditions in industrial cities were terrible.

The poverty, disease and pollution in industrial Britain inspired the books of Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy.

9. Also, ______________ is swiftly changing the ____________ of Northern Europe. The section of _____________ between Glasgow and Edinburgh is called ______________ because of its many _____________ companies. 10. The ___________countries have helped to shape modern culture with writers such as Norwegian playwright ________________, who is sometimes called the __________ of modern drama. Many consider the English writer _________________________ to be the greatest _____________ of all time. 11. In addition, certain _________ of Northern Europe have gained worldwide fame, The British are known for their ________________, a small meal of sandwiches, _________, cakes, and tea. Furthermore, the ____________ developed the _________________. Silicon Glen William Shakespeare Henrik Ibsen afternoon tea Swedes technologyeconomy Scotland high-tech Swedes father playwright customs breads smorgasbord

Norwegian playwright, Henrik Ibsen, was one of the world’s greatest writers

Most consider British playwright, William Shakespeare, the world’s greatest writer

An afternoon tea in the U.K.

A smorgasbord is a buffet meal featuring a varied number of dishes. The custom originated in Sweden.