TOWARDS CASSAVA Towards Cassava Green Revolution in Tanzania Mkamilo,G., Masumba, E., Jeremiah, C., Ndyetabura I., Kimata B., Kulembeka H., Mtunda K., Kullaya A., Muhana M., Kanju E., Fregene M.

Tanzania Facts Area: 945,087 Km 2 Population: 37million Agricultural population: 80% Area under cultivation 22.5million Ha Research organization: Agricultural Research Institute (ARI) Tanzania Crop research programs: Nationally coordinated e.g. Cassava research programme Tanzania Facts Area: 945,087 Km 2 Population: 37million Agricultural population: 80% Area under cultivation 22.5million Ha Research organization: Agricultural Research Institute (ARI) Tanzania Crop research programs: Nationally coordinated e.g. Cassava research programme

Cassava Research Programme

Current staff disposition ZoneResearchersTechniciansTotal Lake7714 Eastern7512 S/Highlands347 Zanzibar336 Southern314 Northern112 Western213 Central112 TOTAL272350

Importance of cassava in Tanzania Tanzania is 4 th cassava producer in Africa and 8 th producer in the world Tanzania is 4 th cassava producer in Africa and 8 th producer in the world Total production of fresh root is 7M tons Total production of fresh root is 7M tons Area under cultivation is 670,000 ha Area under cultivation is 670,000 ha Cassava is 2 nd food security crop after maize Cassava is 2 nd food security crop after maize

Major cassava constraints Use of varieties with low genetic potential Use of varieties with low genetic potential Pests and diseases (CMD, CBSD,CBB, CGM, CMB) Pests and diseases (CMD, CBSD,CBB, CGM, CMB) Traditional processing and utilization Traditional processing and utilization Inadequate markets and market information Inadequate markets and market information

Major pests of cassava CMD CBSD CBB CGM CM

Effects of CMD Healthy With CMD Local cultivar ‘Ebwanateraka’, Rakai, Uganda

Typical symptoms of CBSD

Traditional cassava processing

On going cassava initiatives Genetic improvement Genetic improvement Studies of cassava viruses and vectors Studies of cassava viruses and vectors Seed multiplication activities Seed multiplication activities Post-harvest processing innovations Post-harvest processing innovations

Genetic improvement Nine clones have been officially released in Tanzania Nine clones have been officially released in Tanzania Farmer Participatory Improvement of Cassava Germplasm in Coastal Lowlands of Tanzania [Rockefeller Funded] Farmer Participatory Improvement of Cassava Germplasm in Coastal Lowlands of Tanzania [Rockefeller Funded] Participatory evaluation of cassava genotypes in the Lake zone of Tanzania [Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance] Participatory evaluation of cassava genotypes in the Lake zone of Tanzania [Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance]

Officially released clones Hombolo Hombolo Kibaha Kibaha Mumba Mumba Kiroba Kiroba Naliendele Naliendele KBH 2002/482 KBH 2002/494 KBH 2002/477 KBH 2002/517

Proposed clones for release in early 2009 Clone Proposed name Remarks MM96/4619Meremeta Root yield:10-30 %DM: Resistance to CMD Preference by end-users MM96/4684Mkombozi MM96/3075BBelinde MM96/8233Rangimbili 95NA/00063Kasala I92/0067Suma MM96/5725Nyakafuru MM96/8450Kibaya

ClonePedigree Root Y(t/ha) % DM C185-4 AR37-38 x Kifumulo C119-3 CR 52A-19 x Namikonga C7-46 Kalolo x AR C61-1 Amani x CR20A C17-27 Namikonga x AR B201-97Mkiwa B AR C AR30-4 x Kifumulo C21-49 Namikonga x AR C179-4 AR17-25 x Kifumulo C150 AR38-30 x Muzege KIROBA Local check

Linkages with other cassava initiatives Improve knowledge on virus diseases and vectors [IITA led; BMGF support] Improve knowledge on virus diseases and vectors [IITA led; BMGF support] Seed multiplication [GLCI/AGRA supported] Seed multiplication [GLCI/AGRA supported] Cassava Processing to GQCF [CAVA, NRI led] Cassava Processing to GQCF [CAVA, NRI led]

Doing business unusual with AGRA and Other Partners

A way forward Incorporate new sources of CMD and CBSD genes to broaden genetic base of the local germplasm Incorporate new sources of CMD and CBSD genes to broaden genetic base of the local germplasm Improving knowledge on virus and victors Improving knowledge on virus and victors Continue dissemination of improved varieties and linkage of sustainable productivity to markets Continue dissemination of improved varieties and linkage of sustainable productivity to markets

Acknowledgement Rockefeller Foundation/AGRA for financial support Rockefeller Foundation/AGRA for financial support DRT for facilitation DRT for facilitation IITA/CIAT for Technical Backstopping IITA/CIAT for Technical Backstopping National cassava team for hard work National cassava team for hard work

Merci! Gracias! Obrigado! Thanks ! Asante!