For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 1 TECHNOLOGY AND WORK Lecture 14

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 2 Technology- a definition Winner (1977) Apparatus Technique Organization Fox (1974) Material technology Social technology Braverman (1974) Engineering approach Social approach

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 3 The evolution of technology Experience LossErratic Human

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 4 Perspectives on technology Woodward and production technology Unit or small batch Large batch or mass Continuous process

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 5 Perspectives on technology Burns and Stalker - stability and change Mechanistic structures Organismic structures Perrow - a continuum from routine to non-routine Thompson - resource and technology matching Long-linked Mediating Intensive The Aston Studies Operations Materials Knowledge

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 6 Perspectives on technology Blumer and industrialization Non industrial technological change Industrialization as one form of technological development Transplanted industrialization Causal relationships Ambiguity

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 7 Japanization, technology and work Features (Oliver and Wilkinson): Quality Just in time Continuous improvement Work organization Structure and system Personnel practice Social Teamworking

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 8 Assumptions about technology: Neutrality Impact Modernism De-skilling Structure Efficiency

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 9 The politics of technology Competition Interaction Control or influence Labour process debate Benefits to managers Tighter control over work processes Pace of work Skill levels required Design of work

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 10 Technology and alienation Blauner (1964): Powerlessness Meaninglessness Isolation Self-estrangement

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 11 Determinism, rationality and control The vicious cycle of control (Clegg and Dunkerley)

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 12 Determinism, rationality and control The relationship between control and technology: Adoption Development Access Application Intention

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 13 The impact of technology StructureJob design Managerialism

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 14 Technology and innovation Betz (1997) Radical System Incremental

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 15 Technology and change Many levels of impact: Employment Careers Products and services Economic activity Risk Internationalism Fashion Transition Limitations

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 16 Information technology Buchanan and Boddy (1983) Capture Storage Manipulation Distribution Konsynski and Sviokla (1994) Cognitive reapportionment Bundles

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 17 New technology applications Manufacturing AMT FMS CAD CAM CIM Service Administrative Convergence Visibility Integration Effect on work in the office Employment Job quality Health and safety Social relations

For use with MARTIN, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND MANAGEMENT 3e ISBN  Copyright © 2005 Cengage Learning 18 Benefits of technology to management Control of process Control of work Control of people Control of cost Control of agenda Control of resistance Control of skill Control of organization Control of location