North Slope Training Cooperative © North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Benzene Awareness NSTC-19

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 Course Overview 2

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 3 Name Company and/or position Experience related to working in areas where there is the possibility of benzene exposure. lntroductions

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 4 Emergency Procedures Restrooms/Breaks/Smoking Safety Minute Administration and Safety

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 5 To provide employees with the knowledge to recognize a benzene exposure hazard and the appropriate control measures in areas where there are materials that contain benzene. Goal

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 6 Describe the characteristics of benzene Describe the health effects from benzene exposure Identify potential locations where benzene may be found Recognize and describe the control measures and PPE that will protect against benzene exposure Describe employer and employee responsibilities for protecting against the hazards of benzene exposure Objectives

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 Standards and Terms 7

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 8 Benzene is regulated by OSHA under 29 CFR Operators on the North Slope have company standards which meet or exceed the OSHA standard. Benzene Standards 29 CFR (b )

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 9 Benzene is a liquefied or gaseous chemical with the formula C 6 H 6. A regulated area is any area where airborne concentrations of benzene exceed permissible exposure limits (PEL). An authorized person is any person specifically authorized by the employer whose duties require the person to enter a regulated area where benzene may be present. Benzene Terms 29 CFR (b )

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Employee exposure is the exposure to airborne benzene which would occur if the employee were not using respiratory protective equipment. Action level is an airborne concentration of benzene of 0.5 ppm calculated as an 8 hr. time- weighted average (TWA). Site specific requirements for exposure limits and action levels may be more stringent at some locations. Exposure Terms 29 CFR (b)

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 What Is Benzene? 11

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Simplest member of aromatic hydrocarbons. Molecular structure: 6 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms. Formula: C 6 H 6 Hydrocarbon molecule with alternating single and double bonds. Benzene Molecule

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Colorless to light yellow when in the liquid state; has a pleasant, sweet odor Toxic as a liquid or gas; not soluble in water Odor does not provide adequate warning of its hazard Vapor is heavier than air and may spread long distances to some distant source of ignition Extremely flammable; flash point: 12 F. Solid below 42 F. Reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials Benzene Characteristics 29 CFR , Appendix A, I

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Crude oil (0.5-3% by weight) Diesel fuel ( % by weight) NGLs (Natural gas liquids) Various gas streams Degreasing products Produced water Automotive sources Adhesive coatings and paint Where Benzene is Found on North Slope

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Production and transfer operations employees Camp maintenance and custodial staff Tank and pipeline cleaners Electricians, plumbers, and HVAC technicians Workers Who May Be at Risk

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 Health Effects 16

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Inhalation Ingestion Absorption Injection How Benzene Enters the Body 29 CFR , Appendix A, I

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Drowsiness Dizziness and headaches Skin irritation and dermatitis Nausea and a feeling of intoxication Vertigo and delirium Convulsions and loss of consciousness Death may occur at concentrations equal to or greater than 10,000 ppm. Acute Health Effects 29 CFR Appendix A, II

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Carcinogenic; affects the blood-making tissues of the body to include bone marrow abnormalities, anemia, and other blood cell abnormalities Can cause leukemia, multiple myeloma, and subsequent death in workers who are exposed to benzene for extended periods of time Chronic Health Effects 29 CFR Appendix A, II

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 Hazard Detection and Control 20

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Sometimes benzene can be detected by its odor (34–119 ppm) but it is not a reliable indicator. Measurements should be obtained by using benzene detecting badges, charcoal tubes, and gas chromatographs. Benzene Detection Benzene Gas Detector Gas “Tube” Detector with Hand Pump Gas “Chip” Detector

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) is 1.0 ppm for an 8 hour day and 0.67 for a 12 hour day Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) is 5.0 ppm for any 15 minute period during the day with 60 minutes between exposures and no more than 4 exposures in an 8 hour day. The Action Level is 0.5 ppm for an 8 hour day. Company standards may be more stringent than the OSHA standard ( e.g. BP Alaska action level is 0.3) OSHA Exposure Limits 29 CFR (b-c)

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Personal enclosure Control of process conditions Mechanical ventilation (dilution and exhaust) Remote or automated operation Leak detection and repair systems Engineering Controls

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC MSDS Signs and properly labeled containers Periodic monitoring and notification of employees about exposure levels Limiting exposure to the chemical Following company rules and policies Training Administrative Controls

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Signs shall be posted at the entrance to regulated areas DANGER BENZENE CANCER HAZARD FLAMMABLE – NO SMOKING AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY RESPIRATOR REQUIRED Signs 29 CFR (j) (1) (i )

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Benzene containers shall be properly labeled There is no requirement to label pipes. Labels 29 CFR (j) (1) (ii)

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Respiratory Protection Air purifying half mask to 6.7 ppm Air purifying full face mask to 33 ppm SCBA or supplied air w/escape pack above 33 ppm Eye / Skin Protection Chemical safety goggles Face shield Nitrile gloves for crude oil & viton for NGLs Aprons, protective clothing and footwear Personal Protective Equipment

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Call for help. If eyes or skin are exposed, immediately flush with large amounts of water for 15 minutes. Clothing should be changed if it becomes benzene saturated. If the victim has inhaled benzene and is not breathing, a qualified person should give CPR. In all cases, get medical attention. First Aid

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC-19 Compliance Program 29

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC If exposures are over the PEL, the employer must establish and implement a written compliance program to include: A schedule for development and implementation of engineering controls and work practices. Initial and periodic monitoring. Employee notification of monitoring results. Medical surveillance program. Information and training about benzene at the time of the initial work assignment. Respiratory protection training. Employer Responsibilities 29 CFR (j) ((1) (ii)

© North Slope Training Cooperative—revised All rights reserved. Course Number: NSTC Read and follow procedures for the recognition and control of benzene. Mitigate recognized hazards. Use the proper PPE when entering a regulated area. Report any emergencies. Employee Responsibilities 29 CFR (j) ((1) (ii)