FORESTRY CAREER DEVELOPMENT EVENT Georgia FFA Association Written by John Allen Bailey Central Region Agriculture Education Office June 2003 Published by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office Georgia Department of Education

OBJECTIVES Teach the practical applications of natural resource management practices Teach the practical applications of natural resource management practices Learn management skills through hands-on activities and competitions Learn management skills through hands-on activities and competitions Teamwork Teamwork Decision making skills Decision making skills Environmental impact of management decisions Environmental impact of management decisions Importance of conservation and sustained yield Importance of conservation and sustained yield

ELIGIBILTY FFA members in grades 9-12 FFA members in grades th graders that participated in Area or State Natural Resources CDE will be ineligible for the same year 9 th graders that participated in Area or State Natural Resources CDE will be ineligible for the same year 11 members per team 11 members per team Top 2 Area Forestry CDE Teams advance to state Top 2 Area Forestry CDE Teams advance to state Team Activity Members can’t be members of other state winning teams Team Activity Members can’t be members of other state winning teams

RULES All General Rules apply All General Rules apply 11 members with 4 designated for the Team Activity (State CDE ONLY) 11 members with 4 designated for the Team Activity (State CDE ONLY) Participants should be prepared for adverse weather conditions Participants should be prepared for adverse weather conditions Judges will be assigned to the 10 events. Contestants should stay with their group the entire time. Judges will be assigned to the 10 events. Contestants should stay with their group the entire time. Written material will be furnished at the CDE Written material will be furnished at the CDE

RULES Members are not to remove any of the material from the event site. Members are not to remove any of the material from the event site. A member can only participate in 1 event A member can only participate in 1 event Time Limits Time Limits Area CDE – 45 minutes Area CDE – 45 minutes State CDE – 60 minutes State CDE – 60 minutes Team Activity – 90 minutes Team Activity – 90 minutes Decision of the judges is FINAL Decision of the judges is FINAL

EQUIPMENT Each Participant will need: Each Participant will need: 1 Clipboard (free of notes) 1 Clipboard (free of notes) 2 pencils 2 pencils Non-programmable calculator (optional) Non-programmable calculator (optional) His/Her Measuring Devices His/Her Measuring Devices

STATE FORESTRY TEAM ACTIVITY Only at State CDE Only at State CDE 4 eligible members 4 eligible members If exam is given the top 3 scores will be added for the team score If exam is given the top 3 scores will be added for the team score 90 minutes allowed for this part 90 minutes allowed for this part

INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITIES Reforestation Participants plant a designated number of seedlings at a designated spacing Participants plant a designated number of seedlings at a designated spacing Judge gives spacing at event Judge gives spacing at event Planting is graded on the following factors: Planting is graded on the following factors: (10 points each) (10 points each) Removing seedlings from bag or bale Removing seedlings from bag or bale Keeping the seedling’s roots moist Keeping the seedling’s roots moist Placement of seedlings in hole Placement of seedlings in hole

Reforestation Depth of planting Depth of planting Straightness of seedlings Straightness of seedlings Time taken to plant Time taken to plant Minus 1 point per minute and ¼ point per 15 seconds Minus 1 point per minute and ¼ point per 15 seconds Spacing (20 points) Spacing (20 points) Usually 2 rows of 5 Usually 2 rows of 5 10 measurements taken 10 measurements taken 2 points for each seedling within 3” allowance 2 points for each seedling within 3” allowance 10 question test (20 points) 10 question test (20 points)

Reforestation Common Mistakes Common Mistakes Errors on Exam Errors on Exam Incorrect planting depth Incorrect planting depth Incorrect Spacing Incorrect Spacing Not Closing Planting Hole Properly Not Closing Planting Hole Properly Tiebreakers Tiebreakers Time deduction then oral questions Time deduction then oral questions

Timber Stand Improvement Students are given a situation concerning the management objective. The situation will include: Students are given a situation concerning the management objective. The situation will include: Markets Available Markets Available Wildlife and Aesthetics Considerations Wildlife and Aesthetics Considerations Present Condition of Stand Present Condition of Stand Final Goal of Plan Final Goal of Plan 20 Trees will be marked 20 Trees will be marked Students will decide whether to Harvest, Leave or Deaden each tree Students will decide whether to Harvest, Leave or Deaden each tree

TSI A Reason is given for each tree A Reason is given for each tree Future Crop Tree – Leave Future Crop Tree – Leave Non-merchantable – Deadened Non-merchantable – Deadened Wildlife/Aesthetic – Leave if that is part of management objective Wildlife/Aesthetic – Leave if that is part of management objective Insect Infestation – Harvest Insect Infestation – Harvest Disease – Harvested if Canker covers 50% of circumference of tree Disease – Harvested if Canker covers 50% of circumference of tree Lack of Vigor and/or Growth, Suppressed and/or Restricted crown or Spacing - Harvested Lack of Vigor and/or Growth, Suppressed and/or Restricted crown or Spacing - Harvested

TSI Crooked, Forked, Malformed or Leaning – Harvested if the above is severe Crooked, Forked, Malformed or Leaning – Harvested if the above is severe Other Other Lightning Struck Trees Lightning Struck Trees Wind Damaged Wind Damaged Mechanical Mechanical (If there is a question of the survivability of the tree until the next scheduled cut – Harvest) More than 1 reason can be given More than 1 reason can be given

TSI Scoring Each tree is 5 points Each tree is 5 points 3 points for correct Harvest, Leave or Deaden 3 points for correct Harvest, Leave or Deaden 2 points for correct Reason 2 points for correct Reason Tiebreakers are the 3 Best Seed Trees, Crop Trees or Wildlife Aesthetic Trees Tiebreakers are the 3 Best Seed Trees, Crop Trees or Wildlife Aesthetic Trees Common Mistakes Common Mistakes Removing too many trees Removing too many trees Not examining the entire tree Not examining the entire tree Mechanical injuries diagnosed as diseases Mechanical injuries diagnosed as diseases

Timber Cruising for Cord Volume Students will measure the Total Height and Diameter of 10 trees to determine the volume for this activity Students will measure the Total Height and Diameter of 10 trees to determine the volume for this activity D-tape, Logger’s Tape and Clinometer can be used in this activity D-tape, Logger’s Tape and Clinometer can be used in this activity Volume Tables and a Weight Factor will be given Volume Tables and a Weight Factor will be given Diameters are rounded to the nearest inch (example 8.4” = 8” 8.7”=9”) Diameters are rounded to the nearest inch (example 8.4” = 8” 8.7”=9”) Total Heights are rounded DOWN to the nearest 5- foot increment. (74’=70’) Total Heights are rounded DOWN to the nearest 5- foot increment. (74’=70’)

Cord Volume Scoring 100 points for this activity 100 points for this activity 3 points for each correct diameter 3 points for each correct diameter 3 points for each correct height 3 points for each correct height 35 points for correct volume in cords with a 1 point deduction for each 1% + or – the correct volume 35 points for correct volume in cords with a 1 point deduction for each 1% + or – the correct volume 5 points for correct tonnage with a 1 point deduction for each 5 percent + or – the correct tonnage 5 points for correct tonnage with a 1 point deduction for each 5 percent + or – the correct tonnage

Cord Volume Tiebreakers Tiebreakers Tonnage Tonnage Number of Correct Diameters Number of Correct Diameters Number of Correct Heights Number of Correct Heights Oral Reasons Oral Reasons Common Mistakes Common Mistakes DBH not taken at 41/2’ DBH not taken at 41/2’ Not Rounding Correctly (Diameters and Heights) Not Rounding Correctly (Diameters and Heights) Not using Terminal Bud for Height Measurement Not using Terminal Bud for Height Measurement Misreading Volume Table Misreading Volume Table Mathematical Errors Mathematical Errors

Timber Cruising for Board Feet Volume Students will measure 10 trees for this activity Students will measure 10 trees for this activity Logger’s Tape, D-Tape and Clinometer can be used Logger’s Tape, D-Tape and Clinometer can be used Volume Table, Weight Factor, acreage cruised and DIB at first 16’ log will be given to students Volume Table, Weight Factor, acreage cruised and DIB at first 16’ log will be given to students Diameters are rounded to nearest inch Diameters are rounded to nearest inch Heights should be measured from a 6” stump height to an estimated 8-inch diameter cut off for the merchantable height. Disregard all defects except forks. Heights should be measured from a 6” stump height to an estimated 8-inch diameter cut off for the merchantable height. Disregard all defects except forks. Heights should be rounded DOWN to the nearest 8’ or ½ log (example: 46’ = 2 ½ logs) Heights should be rounded DOWN to the nearest 8’ or ½ log (example: 46’ = 2 ½ logs)

Board Foot Volume Scoring 100 points for this activity 100 points for this activity 3 points for each correct diameter 3 points for each correct diameter 3 points for each correct height 3 points for each correct height 5 points for correct Form Class 5 points for correct Form Class Example: dib at the top of the first 16’ log is 11.5” and the dbh is 15” Example: dib at the top of the first 16’ log is 11.5” and the dbh is 15” 11.5 divided by 15 =.766 rounded to divided by 15 =.766 rounded to X 100 = 77 Form Class.77 X 100 = 77 Form Class

Board Foot Volume 30 points for correct board foot volume per acre. 1 point will be deducted for each 1 percent + or – from the correct volume. 30 points for correct board foot volume per acre. 1 point will be deducted for each 1 percent + or – from the correct volume. 5 points for the correct tonnage/acre. 1 point will be deducted for each 5 percent + or – from the correct tonnage. 5 points for the correct tonnage/acre. 1 point will be deducted for each 5 percent + or – from the correct tonnage. Tiebreakers Tiebreakers Total tons Total tons Correct diameters Correct diameters Correct heights Correct heights

Board Foot Volume Common Mistakes Common Mistakes Measurements of dbh not 4 ½ feet Measurements of dbh not 4 ½ feet Diameters not rounded to nearest inch Diameters not rounded to nearest inch Heights not rounded down to nearest ½ log Heights not rounded down to nearest ½ log Inaccuracy of 8’ top Inaccuracy of 8’ top Mathematical errors Mathematical errors Leaving Form Class in decimal form Leaving Form Class in decimal form

Tree Identification Participants will be required to identify, by common names, a designated number of specimens from the official tree list found in the GA FFA CDE Handbook. Participants will be required to identify, by common names, a designated number of specimens from the official tree list found in the GA FFA CDE Handbook. Specimens can be full trees, freshly cut foliage, limbs, fruit, pressed leaves, photographs of leaves, fruit, nuts, cones, by- products or any other part of the tree. Specimens can be full trees, freshly cut foliage, limbs, fruit, pressed leaves, photographs of leaves, fruit, nuts, cones, by- products or any other part of the tree.

Tree Identification Scoring 100 points for this activity 100 points for this activity The complete common name should be reproduced exactly as the official list with capital letters where appropriate. No credit for partially correct names. Clearly correct, but misspelled names receive half credit. The complete common name should be reproduced exactly as the official list with capital letters where appropriate. No credit for partially correct names. Clearly correct, but misspelled names receive half credit.

Tree Identification Tiebreakers Tiebreakers Samples from the Official List will be used Samples from the Official List will be used Oral questions Oral questions Common Mistakes Common Mistakes Incorrect spelling Incorrect spelling Poor handwriting Poor handwriting Capitalization Capitalization Confusing oaks and pines Confusing oaks and pines

Ocular Estimation 10 Trees will be selected for this activity 10 Trees will be selected for this activity No Instruments can be used No Instruments can be used Participants will estimate the diameter to the nearest inch and the total height to the nearest 5 foot (Round DOWN) Participants will estimate the diameter to the nearest inch and the total height to the nearest 5 foot (Round DOWN) Students cannot be closer than 5 feet to tree Students cannot be closer than 5 feet to tree Each tree should be classified in one of the following classes: Each tree should be classified in one of the following classes: PulpwoodMinimum 6” dbh PulpwoodMinimum 6” dbh

Ocular Estimation Chip-N-Saw9” – 12” dbh with a clear log Chip-N-Saw9” – 12” dbh with a clear log Sawtimber13” and over dbh with a clear log Sawtimber13” and over dbh with a clear logScoring Total of 100 points for this activity Total of 100 points for this activity 4 points for correct diameter 4 points for correct diameter 2 points for diameter +/– 1 inch 2 points for diameter +/– 1 inch 3 points for correct height 3 points for correct height 2 points for height +/– 5 feet 2 points for height +/– 5 feet 3 points for correct product 3 points for correct product

Ocular Estimation Tiebreakers Tiebreakers Correct diameters Correct diameters Correct heights Correct heights Correct products Correct products Mistakes Mistakes dbh not taken at 4 ½ feet dbh not taken at 4 ½ feet Not rounding heights down to nearest 5 foot Not rounding heights down to nearest 5 foot Terminal bud not used for height Terminal bud not used for height Looking at trees from only one side Looking at trees from only one side

Land Measurement Participants will determine acreage and draw a map of a plot to the nearest.001 of an acre by pacing Participants will determine acreage and draw a map of a plot to the nearest.001 of an acre by pacing Graph paper will be furnished Graph paper will be furnished Students need a hand compass and non- programmable calculator Students need a hand compass and non- programmable calculator All computations should be shown on the graph paper or score sheet All computations should be shown on the graph paper or score sheet Directions should be expressed as bearings and distances should be to the nearest foot Directions should be expressed as bearings and distances should be to the nearest foot

Land Measurement Scoring 100 total points for this activity 100 total points for this activity 1 point will be deducted from 90 for each.01acre deviation from the correct acreage 1 point will be deducted from 90 for each.01acre deviation from the correct acreage 10 points for map drawing 10 points for map drawing 2 points for North orientation 2 points for North orientation 2 points for drawing to scale 2 points for drawing to scale 2 points for labeling (distances and bearings) 2 points for labeling (distances and bearings)

Land Measurement 2 points for closure 2 points for closure 2 points for neatness 2 points for neatness Tiebreakers Tiebreakers Nearest.001 of an acre Nearest.001 of an acre Common Mistakes Common Mistakes Slope while pacing Slope while pacing Pacing factor not accurate Pacing factor not accurate Reading wrong arrow on compass Reading wrong arrow on compass Reading wrong quadrant Reading wrong quadrant

Land Measurement Un-level compass Un-level compass Metal objects near compass Metal objects near compass Declination not set Declination not set Map not to scale Map not to scale Mathematical errors Mathematical errors

Hand Compass Practicum Participants will use a bearing hand compass and pacing to determine the bearings and distances of four designated lines. Participants will use a bearing hand compass and pacing to determine the bearings and distances of four designated lines. The compass course will have 4 different starting and ending points designated by numbers 1-4 and different colored flagging The compass course will have 4 different starting and ending points designated by numbers 1-4 and different colored flagging Azimuth compasses are not allowed Azimuth compasses are not allowed Azimuth will be calculated by students Azimuth will be calculated by students Direction should be paced and expressed to the nearest foot Direction should be paced and expressed to the nearest foot

Hand Compass Practicum Directions should be expressed in bearings Directions should be expressed in bearingsScoring 4 stations worth 24 points each 4 stations worth 24 points each 1 point deduction for 1 degree deviation from correct bearing 1 point deduction for 1 degree deviation from correct bearing 1 point deduction for each foot deviation from correct distance 1 point deduction for each foot deviation from correct distance 1 point added at each station for correctly converting bearing to azimuth 1 point added at each station for correctly converting bearing to azimuth

Hand Compass Practicum Scoring No more than 24 points can be deducted at any station. (12 points for distance & bearing each) No more than 24 points can be deducted at any station. (12 points for distance & bearing each) Tiebreakers Tiebreakers Bearings Bearings Distances Distances Azimuths Azimuths

Hand Compass Common Mistakes Common Mistakes Slope while pacing Slope while pacing Pacing factor not accurate Pacing factor not accurate Reading wrong arrow on compass Reading wrong arrow on compass Reading wrong quadrant Reading wrong quadrant Un-level compass Un-level compass Metal objects near compass Metal objects near compass Declination not set Declination not set Map not to scale Map not to scale Mathematical errors Mathematical errors

Forest Management Students will be given a management objective for the stand Students will be given a management objective for the stand This is a 2 person event worth 100 points This is a 2 person event worth 100 points Tools needed: Tools needed: 10 factor Prism 10 factor Prism Logger’s tape Logger’s tape D-tape D-tape Clinometer Clinometer Calculator Calculator

Forest Management Participants will be required to address the following concerns of the designated stand and the following points will be allowed. Participants will be required to address the following concerns of the designated stand and the following points will be allowed. Stand Classification – 10 points Stand Classification – 10 points Tree Species – 10 points Tree Species – 10 points Basal Area – 30 points Basal Area – 30 points Volume per Acre – 10 points Volume per Acre – 10 points Problems in the Stand – 15 points Problems in the Stand – 15 points Cultural Operations Needed – 15 points Cultural Operations Needed – 15 points

Forest Management Reproduction Method – 10 points Reproduction Method – 10 points Tiebreakers Tiebreakers Tons Tons Oral reasons Oral reasons

Tree/Forest Disorders Students will have to correctly identify 10 – 20 examples from the Official Disorder List found in the GA FFA CDE Handbook. Students will have to correctly identify 10 – 20 examples from the Official Disorder List found in the GA FFA CDE Handbook. The complete common name should be reproduced exactly as it is given. The complete common name should be reproduced exactly as it is given. Questions concerning alternate hosts, damage, habits, life cycle and control may be asked Questions concerning alternate hosts, damage, habits, life cycle and control may be asked Activity is worth 100 points Activity is worth 100 points

Team Scoring The total scores from all 10 events are added together. The team with the highest total score is declared the winner. The total scores from all 10 events are added together. The team with the highest total score is declared the winner. 2 teams from each Area Forestry CDE advances to State Competition 2 teams from each Area Forestry CDE advances to State Competition Only the 1 st place team at State advances to National Competition Only the 1 st place team at State advances to National Competition Only 4 members from the State Team can compete at National Only 4 members from the State Team can compete at National

Equipment List 75’ or 100’ Logger’s tape (3) 75’ or 100’ Logger’s tape (3) Diameter tape (3) Diameter tape (3) Clinometers (3) Clinometers (3) 10 Factor Prism (1) 10 Factor Prism (1) Quadrant Compass (2) Quadrant Compass (2) Planting Bar or Dibble (1) Planting Bar or Dibble (1) Planting Bag (1) Planting Bag (1) Cruiser Vest(3) Cruiser Vest(3) Land Measuring Compass (1) Land Measuring Compass (1) Ruler marked in 1/10 (1) Ruler marked in 1/10 (1) Magnifying glass (1) Magnifying glass (1) Calculators (6) Calculators (6) Clipboards (10) Clipboards (10)