TNC2014, Dublin, May 2014 Klaus Grobe, Cornelius Fürst, Achim Autenrieth, Thomas Szyrkowiec, ADVA Optical Networking SE Spectrum as a Service

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 22 Content Flexible SDO for 400G and beyond SpaaS – Spectrum as a Service

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 33 Flexible SDO for 400G and beyond

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 44 Software-Defined Optics DP-8QAM Re Im Re ImDP-9QPR Re ImDP-16QAM Re Im DP-BPSK Re Im DP-QPSK Relative Frequency PSD [dB] Relative Frequency PSD [dB] Relative Frequency PSD [dB] 2 Re Im DP-QPSK Relative Frequency PSD [dB] … or …

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 55 Flexibility in SDO xC-DP-QPSK with y GBd per subcarrier changed to other 1.Constellation 2.Baud rate 3.Spectral shaping 4.SC spacing 5.SC count

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential G Coherent Implementation Flexible grid technology along with continuous wavelength locking allows adaptation of bandwidth and modulation format to required reach Concept can also be extended to 1Tb/s Super-Channels Flexibility lends itself to spectrum virtualization – SpaaS 2C-DP-16QAM / DP-QPSK / DP-BPSK … Carrier #1 Carrier #2 100G Layer 1 Mapping Multiplexing Switching 4x100G or 400G Client 400G DSP 100G DSP

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 77 Super-Channel Configurations BitrateFormat Symbol Rate # SC Format Penalty Rate Penalty SC Penalty BW BW Penalty Relative Reach Nominal Reach 100GDP-BPSK30 GBd2-3 dB0 dB3 dB75 GHz-1.8 dB 3750 km (Ref.)DP-QPSK30 GBd10 dB 50 GHz0 dB 2500 km 200GDP-16QAM30 GBd16.2 dB0 dB 50 GHz0 dB-6.2 dB600 km DP-QPSK30 GBd20 dB 3 dB75 GHz-1.8 dB-1.2 dB1900 km 300GDP-QPSK30 GBd30 dB 4.8 dB125 GHz-4.0 dB-0.8 dB2050 km 400GDP-16QAM30 GBd26.2 dB0 dB3 dB75 GHz-1.8 dB-7.4 dB450 km DP-QPSK30 GBd40 dB 6 dB150 GHz-4.8 dB-1.2 dB1900 km 1000GDP-16QAM75 GBd26.2 dB4 dB3 dB175 GHz-5.4 dB-7.8 dB400 km DP-QPSK75 GBd40 dB4 dB6 dB350 GHz-8.5 dB-1.5 dB1750 km SDO Super-Channels require flexible Bandwidth

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 88 Spectrum Services

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 99 SpaaS – Spectrum-as-a-Service Flexible provisioning of dedicated optical Virtual Private Bandwidth Spectrum – a service granularity between wavelength and fiber Requires a transparent transport infrastructure Core SDO I/F Client A Client B ROADM SDO I/F ROADM Elastic optical Network with Flexible-Grid WDM Virtual Private Optical Bandwidth SDO I/F SG SDO I/F SG Spectrum Gate (I/F) ROADM SG UNI NMS / HyperVisor SDN I/F

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 10 SpaaS Motivation Virtualize optical networks Share infrastructure between customers Offer new type of service – Spectrum VPN Evolution of modulation formats, data rates, and alien-wave services drives need for flexibility Providers cannot predict formats required in a few years Customers may have considerably different requirements Alien-wave generalization Super-ChannelSpectrumSingle Channel

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 11 Basic SpaaS Requirements Signal admission control Prevent other signals from interfering – create Spectrum VPNs Block distorting (rogue) signals or malicious users Physical crosstalk mitigation Prevent alien-induced transients  amplifier and admission control X-NLPN* (some formats disturb transmission in neighbor partition)  admission control, equalization, and guard bands Signal routing Customers do not have / need full knowledge of the optical network A limited parameter set shall be sufficient to route or deny services X-NLPN: X-phase-modulation-induced Non-Linear Phase Noise

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 12 Spectral Partitioning Example Link 1 Spectrum Not used for SpaaS Assigned to Customers Guard Bands Link 2 Link 3 Link 4 Link 5 Link 6 Link 7 Customer CCustomer ACustomer B ROADM Spectral bandwidth can vary on a per-link basis Reconfiguration within minutes (rather than hours, days)

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 13 Main SpaaS Functions Partition the optical spectrum in a network Partitions are defined by the continuously usable spectral range May also cover (50 GHz) channelized spectrum range Creates dips in between the channels Only suitable for certain super-channels with appropriate subcarrier spacing Configured and assigned centrally, by the network operator Provision network partition to end customer Customer uses partition for services which he defined – modulation format, data rate, super-channels, … Provisioning, routing, maintenance etc. via suitable UNI / SDN I/F – customers only provide limited set of key parameters, e.g., Analog contiguous bandwidth requirements (per connection) Modulation type (intensity vs. phase modulation, PAPR*, …) OSNR, constraints allowance PAPR: Peak-to-Average Power Ratio

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 14 SpaaS active Elements Diagnosis Functions Optical sub-spectrum analysis Per-port signal analysis Protection triggers CTRL Functions Provide physical colorless ports Power management Transient control Power leveling Port shut-down option Diagnosis Function Optical Spectrum Analysis CTRL Functions Sub-spectrum routing Sub-spectrum resilience Provide inter-spectrum GBs Power management Grey color: standard functions WDM Core Client Port FlexGrid ROADM Spectrum Gate SDO I/F HyperVisor SDN Controller UNI OF, PCEP, …

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 15 Basic SpaaS Implementation Customer authorization and physical compliance physically provided by FlexGrid ROADMs and Spectrum Gates Spectrum Gate Fast VOA array – manage power levels and block rogue users Signal correlator – time-domain signal analysis OSA – frequency-domain signal analysis FlexGrid ROADM (WSS) Limit spectral input range Route signals to respective Spectrum Gates Refrain other signals from accessing ports (privacy) Enforce guard band (where needed) Resources controlled and managed by centralized NMS Link provisioning can be CP-assisted Virtualized network view can be presented northbound to SDN controller

© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 16 Conclusion Customers may want to get variable-bandwidth spectrum for flexible broadband services Generalization of alien-wave services – SpaaS Requires basic functions to maintain network integrity Monitoring, signal analysis Measures against transients, signal distortion, … Shut-down of rogue signals / malicious users Open questions Management, control approach Parameter set to be provided by client Need further discussions w/ interested network providers

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© 2013 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential. 18 Virtualization Options