Welcome C&E Students Grab today’s handouts and settle in Roll Call Question: “What is your favorite cereal?” Bell Work: – What responsibilities do individuals and government have within the social contract theory? – How do citizens exercise popular sovereignty in the 21 st century? – Why is separation of powers necessary in a democracy?

Reminders Turn in your Enlightenment Floating Heads Turn in your Student Survey Unit 1 Test is Feb. 10 Next Quiz will be Feb. 2 (this Tuesday)

Vocab Pop Quiz! All you need on your desk is a writing utensil Have a question? Ask a Question! When finished, turn in your quiz to your class tray. Look over your Data Tracker (blue sheet) and notes circle/underline/ or highlight the terms you struggled with today.

Civics 1.2 Tensions in the Colonies Objective: Identify how tensions over authority led to America’s development of self-government

I. Colonial Resistance A.British Control 1.Mercantilism is the economic theory that a country’s power depends on its wealth 2.Great Britain needed the colonies to be a source of cheap, raw materials and a market for manufactured goods 3.Navigation Acts- ( )forced colonies to get manufactured goods only from GB

B.Growing Tensions 1.Albany Plan of Union (1754) was a failed plan to unify colonies for mutual defense led by Benjamin Franklin a. 1 st attempt at a united American gov’t 2. Salutary neglect – until 1765, GB did not enforce its laws in the colonies, including most taxation

3. French and Indian War ( ) a.GB and colonists vs. French and Native Americans b.Effects: GB wartime debt, colonial resentment, GB gained control over most of N. America

4. To pay off war debts, Britain placed taxes on the colonists a.The Stamp Act of 1765 required colonists to attach tax stamps to newspapers and other documents b.Quartering Act required colonists to provide living quarters and supplies for British troops

C.Worsening Relations 1.Colonists decided to boycott (refuse to buy) British goods in response to the taxes 2.Stamp Act Congress (1765)- nine colonies met and sent a declaration against British actions to king a.First time a majority of the colonies joined together to oppose British rule b.Effect: GB gov’t repealed (cancelled) the Stamp Act

3.Townshend Acts (1767)- taxes on variety of goods and allowed British customs officers to search for smuggling a.Colonists began to cause trouble for officials b.The Boston Massacre (1770)- British soldiers fired into a crowd, killing five people

D. Open Resistance 1.“No taxation w/out representation”- slogan of Patriots because they had no representatives in Parliament

2.The Boston Tea Party (1773)- colonists dumped tea in Boston harbor in rebellion of Tea Act 3.Parliament responded with the Intolerable Acts- punished city of Boston and restricted colonists’ civil rights including trial by jury

II. Independence A.First Continental Congress (1774) 1.Met to demand that rights be restored, or they would continue to boycott all British goods 2.Wrote letter to king, swore to meet again

3.Lexington and Concord (April 1775) a.First battle of the American Revolution

B.Second Continental Congress (1775 on) 1.Met to decide what to do about the open fighting b/w the British and colonists- they could agree, had a divided opinion 2.Thomas Paine’s Common Sense a.Made the case for American Independence b.Changed public opinion 3.Moved closer to independence despite military failures

C.Declaration of Independence 1.Written primarily by Thomas Jefferson 2.Borrowed ideas from John Locke 3.Purpose a.Argue legitimacy of cause to Parliament b.support for cause, boost troop’s morale c.Inform other countries (France)

D.Conclusion of the War 1.Small victories, avoided bulk of British forces 2.French support turned war around

3.Battle of Yorktown (1781)- British surrender 4.Treaty of Paris (1783)- officially won independence

Colonial Timeline For this class you will very rarely need to know any dates But understanding Chronology and Cause and Effect is highly important With you teammates you will try an order the events we discussed today in chronological order.

Cause & Effect Cartoon You will pick event from our discussion today and create a cartoon/drawing/comic that shows a British action and the Colonist’s Response to that action. Example Events – French Indian War – Stamp Act – Quartering Act, – Townshend Acts, – Boston Massacre