Who controls the colonies?

Britain!

American Revolution What do you know?

What causes people to revolt?

Great Britain also found ways to control the colonies economically. First, strict trade laws were established: Only English ships could be used to transport colonial exports (goods leaving a country) to England for sale. This law was meant to protect England’s status as a world power and her profitable, worth a lot of money, shipping business. Only English ships could carry products into and out of the colonies. This meant that colonies could only sell their exports to England and buy English goods. They were not allowed to trade with anyone else!! The colonies were also forced to send their raw materials like cotton, sugar, and wood to Great Britain in exchange for manufactured goods like woolen and linen cloth, fur hats, furniture, and molasses. This law ensured that only Great Britain and English companies would make money on colonial trading. Directions for the map: Label where the 13 colonies are. Draw corn, cotton, tobacco, and wood in the 13 colonies Draw a British ship leaving the 13 colonies and a line toward Britain Draw a table and a t-shirt in Great Britain Draw a British ship leaving Great Britain and going to the 13 colonies Draw a sad face in West Africa Draw a British ship leaving Great Britain going to West Africa Draw a British ship leaving West Africa and going to the 13 colonies

Mercantilism is a system of trade where colonies sold raw materials to England who used those resources to produce manufactured goods that were sold to colonies.Mercantilism is a system of trade where colonies sold raw materials to England who used those resources to produce manufactured goods that were sold to colonies. The British believe in a system called mercantilism

Raw Material??

Manufactured Goods?

What makes a trade good for you?

Mercantilism is an economic theory that states a nation becomes stronger by keeping strict control over its trade. It also states that a nation should have more exports than imports. Export- sending a good out to another country Import- bringing a good in to your country

What goods did the colonies have

Who Benefits from Mercantilism? For every $4 of timber the colonists sold to England, England manufactures were able to make a table that sold for $24. Under mercantilism, colonist had to buy their furniture from England because England always wanted to maintain a favorable balance of trade. 2 £ ( British Pounds) = $4 12 £ ( British Pounds) = $24

Solve this Math The colonies sell four bundles of timber to England. They make $_______ English manufactures sell two tables to the colonies. They make $ ______ In total England makes $______ In total colonist make $ ______ Who earned more from the sale of goods, England’s colonies or England? Explain. Who benefits most from mercantilism? Explain

TIMBER FISH IRON INDIGO RICE COTTON RESOURCES MANUFACTURED GOODS

England’s colonies grew a system of trade developed between it’s colonies, England, Africa, and the West Indies This trade became known as the Triangular Trade The trade between England and its colonies would lead to economic interdependence. What does that mean?

Triangular Trade Trade routes that linked American colonies, West Indies, Africa, and England

Triangular Trade New England rum was shipped to Africa and traded for slaves, which were brought to the West Indies and traded for sugar and molasses, which went back to New England. Other raw goods were shipped from the colonies to England, where they were swapped for a cargo of manufactured goods.

1. Great Britain imposed strict control over trade. 2. Colonies can only trade to Britain

3. Colonies could only use British Ships to trade their goods

4. Colonies traded raw materials for manufactured goods only to Britain.

WAIT!!! If you were in the colonies, were you happy about having to be under such trade control by the English?????

A king 3000 miles away is telling you to do this. What do you do?

How do you enforce that the colonists to follow along?

YOU NEED SOME MUSCLES BEHIND YOUR WORDS

Hmm.. Lets have people over there to make sure they follow the rules.

The British Government in the colonies Who is at the top? Bottom? Who is at the top? Bottom?

1. The British King and Queen King George III

2. The British Parliament All people of Britain get a representative.. Should the colonists have a representative?

Are either of those in the 13 colonies?

appointed by the King or by the proprietor.. Colonists had to obey English laws that were enforced by Governors Monitored the colonial Legislatures

Colonial Legislatures These are where colonial people made LAWS for each colony and were monitored by colonial Governors. Who could vote?

Political Relationship How do you think the colonists liked the colonial governors?

The French and Indian War ( ) was a seven-year- long _WAR_____ between __Britain___ and France (France was allied with the Indians). Although fighting began in 1754, the war did not officially begin until They were _Fighting__ for the control of much of North America. This war was a part of a larger war that was going on in _Europe___. At the beginning of the war, France controlled Canada and the Louisiana Territory. Britain controlled most of the ___East__ coast of __North America______. In one of the first _Battles_ of the war, Lieutenant Colonel George __Washington__ and his Virginia troops (fighting for the British) were sent to Pittsburgh, __Pennsylvania___, to remove the __French____ from their new ___Fort__.

Washington was defeated by the French, who soon controlled the entire region. In 1756, the British began to defeat the French, especially in naval battles. In 1759, General James Wolfe's army defeated the French at Quebec (although both Gen. Wolfe and his French adversary Gen. Montcalm both __died_ during the battle). The French lost the war, and the Treaty of Paris (signed in __1763___________) gave Britain control of Canada. Spain gave Florida to Britain, and received the former French areas west of the Mississippi River. As a result of the war, the English colonists became more independent from Britain. This war also resulted in higher ____Taxes_______________ paid to Britain. These influences eventually led to the American ____Revolution_________.

Great Britain wanted to remain the #1 power in the world. They knew that they must be better than any other country. They should get all of the resources, all of the trade and all of the power in the colonies. The desire for Great Britain to remain a world power resulted in the conflict known as the French and Indian war from 1754 – The French and Indian War ( ) was a seven-year-long war between Britain and France (France was allied with the Indians). 1.What did Great Britain want to be in the world? 2.What did their desire to be a world power result in? Although fighting began in 1754, the war did not officially begin until They were fighting for the control of much of North America. The French had a very lucrative fur trade in the Ohio River Valley. Great Britain wanted to become a world power, so they wanted to control the area too. A fight broke out between the two countries over the area! At the beginning of the war, France controlled Canada (Champlain) and the Mississippi River Valley (La Salle). Britain controlled most of the east coast of North America (13 colonies). Many Iroquois Native Americans joined with the French Army to fight against the English, which is why it is called the French and Indian War. In one of the first battles of the war, Lieutenant Colonel George Washington and his Virginia troops (fighting for the British) were sent to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to remove the French from their new fort. Washington was defeated by the French, and the French soon controlled the entire region. In 1756, the British began to defeat the French, especially in naval battles. In 1759, General James Wolfe's army defeated the French at Quebec. When the French finally lost the war, the Treaty of Paris (signed on February 10, 1763) gave Britain control of Canada and all the French areas east of the Mississippi River. 1.Who was the Lieutenant Colonel? 2.What did the Treaty of Paris give to the British?

Needed more and more raw materials Moved west results in conflict with the FRENCH (hated rival)

Why? Lets think about the French... –What did they trade??

Where was the collision OHIO RIVER VALLEY

Three nations involved

FRENCH FORTS

Join, or Die Political Cartoon by Benjamin Franklin A political cartoon calling for American colonies to band together for protection against Indians and the French. First published in the Pennsylvania Gazette on May 9, 1754.

North America 1763:

Great Britain desired to remain a world power. In the American colonies, Great Britain’s desire to remain a world power resulted in a conflict with the French known as the French and Indian War.

Why is this war important? Think about wars today!

YOU ARE THE KING OF BRITIAN. YOU JUST WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. IT WAS NOT CHEAP. WHO’S GOING TO PAY FOR ALL THIS?

Colonists HOW???? How does a government raise revenue?

Why is this war important? Why is the French and Indian War important? After the French and Indian War ended, the king found himself in terrible debt. Parliament decided to force colonists to pay a tax, money collected by a government to pay for government services, when they bought things like paint, sugar, glass or tea from England. The British Parliament also passed the Stamp Act. This act required that the colonists pay a tax on every piece of paper they used such as legal documents and newspapers. The colonists opposed these new taxes because they would cause financial problems for the colonies. To make matters worse, these new tax laws were passed in Parliament instead of colonial legislatures. Colonial legislatures ran the day to day things in the colonies and the colonies got used to thinking for themselves. Parliament was not caring about what the colonists felt! The Colonists were infuriated with that! Who did the King force to pay for the war? What is the Stamp Act? Were those laws passed in the colonial legislatures?

In addition to paying for the French and Indian War, Great Britain also faced the expensive problem of defending and governing its growing territories in North America. At the close of the French and Indian War, the narrow strip of British land along the Atlantic coast had grown to include the French territory that stretched to the Mississippi River once explored by Robert La Salle. This land was home to Indian tribes who were hostile to British settlers. In order to protect its colonists, England needed huge sums of money to send and maintain English troops there. Why did England need to keep troops in the colonies?

TAXATION Great Britain imposed taxes, such as the Stamp Act, to raise necessary revenue to pay the cost of the French and Indian War. (Stamp Act was placed on all paper goods such as newspapers, books, and playing cards) Great Britain’s reasons for taxation –To help finance the French and Indian War –To help finance the maintenance of British troops in the colonies

Taxes Sugar Tax –One of the most luxury goods for the colonists to eat was now taxed Stamp Tax –was placed on all paper goods such as newspapers, books, and playing cards –tax on every piece of printed paper they used. Ship's papers, legal documents, licenses, newspapers, other publications, and even playing cards were taxed.

How do you think the colonists felt about being taxed by a king 3000 miles away?

How does Great Britain enforce the taxes and protect the new land from French and Indian War?