Label the picture: Ovary, Egg, Endometrium, Cervix, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes, Vagina OvaryEgg Endometrium Cervix Uterus Fallopian tubes Vagina Aim: understand the different phases of the menstrual Cycle Do Now: Label the parts of the female reproductive system

Ovaries

Label the picture: Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Primary Follicle, Mature Follicle Corpus Luteum Mature Follicle Ovulation Primary Follicle

Ovaries 1. On what day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur? 2. What happens to the follicle during the first 14 days? 3. What happens to the follicle during the last 14 days? Day 14 th. The follicle develops and the cells surroundings the egg enlarge The follicle turns yellow (Corpus Luteum) and desintegrate

2. The Endometrium The endometrium is a thick, soft lining of the uterus wall made up of tissue and blood. The lining contained nutrients that would be needed to nourish a growing baby if pregnancy was to occur. 2. How does the endometrium (uterus lining) change over the menstrual cycle? 1. What is the endometrium? Thickness Of Endometrium The endometrium is a thick, soft lining of the uterus wall made up of blood tissue and mucus The endometrium stays thick until day 28 th. 3. On what day(s) of the cycle the menstruation occur? Days 1 through 5 During the first 5 days the lining of the uterus breaks down. Blood tissue, mucus and the unfertilized egg are discharged through the vagina The lining of the uterus thickens until day 14th, in preparation for receiving a fertilized egg.

6. Where are FSH & LH produced? 7. Where are Estrogen & Progesterone released? 8. Compare the hormones levels of LH, FSH, estrogen & progesterone. What do FSH & LH have in common? What do estrogen & progesterone have in common? How are they different? They are released in the brain They are released in the ovary They show the same pattern, having a peak just before day 14th Their pattern looks like a hill. Estrogen highest level occurs just before day 14 th ; progesterone highest level occurs after day 14 th.

1. On what day do FSH & LH reach the maximum concentrations? 2. What is happening with regard to the ovary at this point? 3. On what day does estrogen reach the maximum concentrations? 4. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point? 5. On what day does progesterone reach the maximum concentrations? 6. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point? 7. What roles do progesterone & estrogen play in the menstrual cycle? 8. What roles do FSH & LH play in the menstrual cycle?

1. On what day do FSH & LH reach the maximum concentrations? 2. What is happening with regard to the ovary at this point? 3. On what day does estrogen reach the maximum concentrations? 4. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point? Just before day 14 th. Ovulation: The egg is released from the ovary to the fallopian tubes Endometrium thickens and develops new tissue From day 10 th to 13 th.

7. What roles do progesterone & estrogen play in the menstrual cycle? 8. What roles do FSH & LH play in the menstrual cycle? 6. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point? The endometrium is prepared to received a fertilized egg FSH & LH develop and mature the primary follicle, and they cause ovulation Progesterone & estrogen thicken and develop the endometrium 5. On what day does progesterone reach the maximum concentrations? During the last 14 days

Menstruation Follicule Stage Ovulation Corpus Luteum Stage

Phases of the menstrual cycle FSH hormone level LH hormone level Estrogen hormone level Progesterone hormone level What happens in the ovary? What happens in the uterus? Menstruation Corpus Luteum Stage Follicle StageOvulation Very low level High levelVery low level Very high level Very low level Low level Increases Reaches highest level Decreases Medium-High level Maintains Medium-High level Very low level Increases Reaches highest level Primary Follicle Enlarges + Develops Primary Follicle Enlarges + Develops Egg is released into Fallopian Tubes Primary Follicle turns into Corpus Luteum CL degenerates Endometrium breaks down & it is discharged A new endometrium is formed & developed Endometrium is well developed + ready to accept fertilized egg Endometrium maintains its thickness

Menstrual Cycle Slide Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Once puberty is reached, female begins a regular cycle of about 28 days.  An egg is release at about day 14 (ovulation)  Estrogen and progesterone prepare the lining of the uterus  Progesterone maintains the uterine lining throughout pregnancy.  If an egg is not fertilized, the levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease, and the lining of the uterus breaks down. (Menstruation)  A temporary suspension of the menstrual cycle normally occurs during pregnancy  The permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle is known as menopause

Aim: Learn how the menstrual cycle works Do Now: List 4 things you learned about the menstrual cycle yesterday.