FINAL REVIEW

YOU CAN LOOK BEYOND COMMONLY HELD BELIEFS TO THE HIDDEN MEANINGS BEHIND HUMAN ACTIONS

DISCIPLINES THAT STUDY HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR OR INSTITUTIONS AND THE FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN SOCIETY IN A SCIENTIFIC MANNER

CHOICES WHAT CHOICES DO PEOPLE MAKE TO SATISFY THEIR NEEDS AND WANTS

DEALS WITH MENTAL PROCESSES AND BEHAVIOR

STUDIES PEOPLE AND EVENTS OF THE PAST

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PAST AND PRESENT CULTURES

STUDY OF THE ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION OF GOVERNMENTS

 MAIN FOCUS IS HOW INDIVIDUALS INTERACT WITH ONE ANOTHER IN SOCIETY

 SOCIETY IS HELD TOGETHER BY CONSENSUS  SOCIETY IS A SET OF INTERRELATED PARTS THAT WORK TOGETHER TO PRODUCE A STABLE SOCIAL SYSTEM

 FOCUSES ON FORCES IN SOCIETY THAT PROMOTE COMPETITION AND CHANGE

FOCUS ON GENDER INEQUALITY

 MEANING  THOUGHT  LANGUAGE

OBSERVABLE FACTS OR EVENTS THAT INVOLVE HUMAN SOCIETY

 INTENDED AND RECOGNIZED CONSEQUENCE OF SOME ELEMENT OF SOCIETY

 AN UNINTENDED AND UNRECOGNIZED CONSEQUENCE OF AN ELEMENT OF SOCIETY

 PEOPLE  INTERDEPENDENT ON ONE ANOTHER  ORGANIZED TO SHARE COMMON CULTURE AND FEELING OF UNITY

 PHYSICALS OBJECT CREATED BY PEOPLE  EXAMPLE: CAR

ABSTRACT HUMAN CREATIONS IDEAS, LANGUAGE

HAVE GREAT MORAL SIGNIFICANCE ATTACHED TO THEM.

MOST SERIOUS MORES

SHARED BELIEFS ABOUT WHAT IS GOOD OR BAD, RIGHT OR WRONG, DESIRABLE OR UNDESIRABLE.

 FOLKWAYS  MORES  LAWS

REJECTS MAJOR VALUES, NORMS AND PRACTICES OF LARGER SOCIETY MAFIA COLLEGE STUDENT PROTESTING IN THE STREET

SHARED RULES OF CONDUCT THAT TELL PEOPLE HOW TO ACT IN SPECIFIC SITUATIONS TWO TYPES: FOLKWAYS AND MORES

 ENSURE FULFILLMENT OF SOME NEEDS AND ARE COMMON TO ALL CULTURES

 SHARE VALUES, NORMS, AND BEHAVIORS THAT ARE NOT SHARED BY THE ENTIRE POPULATION

 VALUES  LANGUAGE  SYMBOLS

 AMOUNT OF TIME IT TAKES FOR A CULTURAL PRACTICE TO CATCH ON.  EXAMPLE: COMPUTERS

PROCESS IN WHICH CULTURES BECOME MORE AND MORE ALIKE

 STATE OF BALANCE BETWEEN COOPERATION AND CONFLICT  EXAMPLES: COMPROMISE, TRUCE, MEDIATION

OCCURS WHEN TWO OR MORE PEOPLE OR GROUPS OPPOSE EACH OTHER TO ACHIEVE A GOAL THAT ONLY ONE CAN ATTAIN

DIFFERENT ROLES ATTACHED TO A SINGLE STATUS

 SOCIALLY DETERMINED BEHAVIORS EXPECTED OF A PERSON PERFORMING A ROLE

WHEN FULFILLING THE REQUIREMENTS OF ONE ROLE MAKE IT HARD TO FULFILL THE REQUIREMENTS OF ANOTHER. EXAMPLE: A FATHER HAS TO LEAVE A MEETING TO ATTEND TO CHILD

GROUP THAT A PERSON BELONG TO USES SYMBOLS TO DISTINGUISH ITSELF VIEWS ITSELF POSITIVELY AND OTHER GROUPS NEGATIVELY OFTEN COMPETES WITH OTHER GROUPS

WHEN PEOPLE GATHER IN THE SAME PLACE AT THE SAME TIME BUT LACK SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OR LASTING PATTERNS OF INTERACTION

NO OFFICIAL STRUCTURE OR RULES OF CONDUCT EXAMPLE: A CIRCLE OF FRIENDS

 SHARED EXPECTATIONS  COMMON IDENTITY  INTERACTION

 BORN WITH  AGE  GENDER  RACE

 UNCHANGING, BIOLOGICALLY INHERITED BEHAVIOR PATTERN

SUM TOTAL OF BEHAVIORS, ATTITUDES, BELIEFS, AND VALUES THAT ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF A PERSON CONTINUES TO DEVELOP THROUGHOUT A LIFETIME AT VARYING RATES FROM PERSON TO PERSON

HOW AN INDIVIDUAL INTERACTS WITH OTHER PEOPLE IN HIS/HER SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT HOW AND INDIVIDUAL ADJUSTS TO HIS/HER ENVIRONMENT AND REACTS IN SPECIFIC SITUATIONS

 HEREDITY  BIRTH  PARENTAL CHARACTERISTICS  CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

TRANSMISSION OF GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS FROM PARENTS TO CHILDREN

 CAPACITY TO LEARN A SKILL OR ACQUIRE A BODY OF KNOWLEDGE  EXAMPLE: NATURAL TALENT FOR PLAYING TENNIS

 BREAK WITH PAST EXPERIENCES AND THE LEARNING OF NEW VALUES AND NORMS  GOAL IS TO CHANGE SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

 FAMILY  PEER GROUP  SCHOOL  MASS MEDIA

 PRIMARY GROUP COMPOSED OF INDIVIDUALS OF ROUGHLY EQUAL AGE AND SIMILAR SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS

 PEOPLE ARE ISOLATED FROM THE REST OF SOCIETY FOR A SPECIFIC PERIOD OF TIME AND SUBJECT TO TIGHT CONTROL  EXAMPLES: PRISON, MILITARY, MONASTERIES, PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALS

 WE ARE BORN A CLEAN SLATE AND OUR PERSONALITIES ARE SHAPED HOWEVER THE ENVIRONMENT WANTS IT

 INFLUENTIAL DURING PRE- TEEN AND TEENAGE YEARS

 MOST IMPORTANT IN MANY SOCIETIES

STRAIN THEORY BECAUSE EVERYONE CAN’T ACHIEVE THE VALUES PLACED BY SOCIETY THEY RETREAT TO DEVIANT BEHAVIOR A NATURAL PART OF SOCIETY

 COMPETITION AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY LEAD TO DEVIANCE

 INTERACTION AMONG INDIVIDUALS INFLUENCES DEVIANCE  CONTROL THEORY  CULTURAL TRANSMISSION THEORY  LABELING THEORY

EXPLAINS DEVIANCE AS A LEARNED BEHAVIOR

 REPEATED CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR

 THREAT OF PUNISHMENT TO PROMOTE CONFORMITY

 ACTION THE REWARDS A PARTICULAR KIND OF BEHAVIOR  EXAMPLE: GETTING GOOD GRADES

 DETERMINES A PERON’S LEVEL OF SELF-CONTROL

BEHAVIOR THAT VIOLATES SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL NORMS

THE PERSON HAS TO BE DETECTED COMMITTING A DEVIANT ACT THE PERSON HAS TO BE STIGMATIZED BY SOCIETY

 A MARK OF SOCIAL DISGRACE THAT SETS A DEVIANT APART FORM THE REST OF SOCIETY  A FORM OF SOCIAL CONTROL  A SPOILED SOCIAL IDENTITY

 THE SITUATION THAT ARISES WHEN THE NORMS OF SOCIETY ARE UNCLEAR OR ARE NO LONGER APPLICABLE

 REBELLION  INNOVATION  RITUALISM  RETREATISM  CONFORMITY (NOT A DEVIANT RESPONSE)

 FOCUSES ON HOW INDIVIDUALS COME TO BE IDENTIFIED AS DEVIANT  NOTES THAT ALL PEOPLE COMMIT DEVIANT ACTS DURING THEIR LIVES  DESCRIBES TWO TYPES OF DEVIANCE

GOES UNDETECTED BY THOSE IN AUTHORITY NOT CONSIDERED DEVIANT BY THE INDIVIDUAL WHO COMMITTED THE ACT

 REWARDS OR PUNISHMENTS USED TO ENFORCE CONFORMITY TO NORMS  SERVE AS RETRIBUTION, REHABILITATION AND DETERRENCE FOR CORRECTIONS

 A SANCTION SUCH AS IMPRISONMENT, PAROLE, PROBATION, AND COMMUNITY SERVICE USED TO PUNISH CRIMINALS

FUNCTION OF CORRECTIONS THAT IS USED TO DISCOURAGE OFFENDERS FROM COMMITTING FUTURE CRIMES AND TO MAKE THE REST OF SOCIETY THINK TWICE BEFORE BREAKING LAWS

SUSPENSION OF MORAL BELIEFS AND RESPONSIBILITIES TO COMMIT DEVIANT ACTS

 PROCESS OF A NORM BECOMING A PART OF AN INDIVIDUAL’S PERSONALITY

 REWARD OR PUNISHMENT GIVEN BY A REGULATORY AGENCY, A SCHOOL, A BUSINESS, OR GOVERNMENT

A SPONTANEOUS EXPRESSION OF APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL GIVEN BY AN INDIVIDUAL OR GROUP EX: CHEERING

 ENFORCING OF NORMS THROUGH EITHER INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL MEANS

CRIMES SUCH AS PROSTITUTION, ILLEGAL GAMBLING, ILLEGAL DRUG USE, AND VAGRANCY

 CRIMES SUCH AS BURGLARY, LARCENY, MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT, AND ARSON

 CRIMES SUCH AS MISREPRESENTATION, FRAUD, TAX EVASION, EMBEZZLEMENT, PRICE FIXING, INSIDER TRADING AND POLITICAL CORRUPTION

 DRUG TRAFFICKING, ILLEGAL GAMBLING, UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES, HIJACKING OF MERCHANDISE, AND LOAN SHARKING AS A PART OF A LARGE-SCALE CRIME SYNDICATE

 CRIMES SUCH AS HOMICIDE, RAPE, ROBBERY, AND AGGRAVATED ASSAULT