The War

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Presentation transcript:

The War

Most thought the war would last 6 months

The Western Front

The von Schlieffen Plan

Quick flanking of French Army by going through neutral Belgium

Capture Paris, knock France out of the war, then go after Russia

Other Countries pulled into the War

Britain joins France and Russia (The Allies) to defend Belgium

Countries that later joined the Allies USA Italy Japan USA Italy Japan

Invasion of France

French response: no real tactics- Early French Uniforms

Reliance on Elan (spirited attack)

French prisoners

Sept. 2 Germans near Paris

Overconfident, Germany sends troops East, attack falters

1 st Battle of the Marne

Germans stopped by French counter attack- most important battle of the war because:

Long war on 2 fronts dooms Germany

1 million casualties in Stalemate

Trench Warfare-- armies dig in

Going over the top

Area between trenches: No Man’s Land

The Eastern Front Russia invades Germany

Tannenberg-- Russians stopped

German hero: Paul von Hindenburg

Real brains behind Hindenburg: Eric von Ludendorf

Hindenburg and Ludendorf put in charge of all German Armies

They become dictators of Germany

1915

Gallipoli

Brits use Australian and New Zealand troops to attack Turkey- disastrous defeat (Churchill ruined)

Submarine Warfare (Attempt to blockade Britain) U9

The Lusitania

Brit passenger ship sunk by U-Boat

129 Americans killed

Germans promise US to restrict Subs (U Boats)

1916

Battle of Verdun

700,000 casualties French hero: Marshal Henri Petain

Battle of the Somme

60,000 British casualties on the 1 st Day 1 st attempt to use tanks by the Brits 60,000 British casualties on the 1 st Day 1 st attempt to use tanks by the Brits

Battle of Jutland

Only major sea battle

Brit and German fleets tie, German surface fleet never leaves port again

Stalemate

1917 World War

Lawrence of Arabia British Officer T.E. Lawrence leads Arab revolt against Ottomans

Brits destroyed Ottoman Empire

Germans lose in fighting in Pacific, and East Africa

US Enters the War

Germans resume unrestricted sub war

The Allies develop the convoy system

Allied dirigibles guard convoy

Merchant ships cross Atlantic in guarded fleets But American ships are sunk Merchant ships cross Atlantic in guarded fleets But American ships are sunk

Zimmerman Telegram-German foreign minister telegrams Mexico: Invade USA, and you can have US Southwest

Brits intercept, send copy to US

April 6, 1917 US declare s war USS Texas

The Home Front US and European govts. gained power Controlled economies Propaganda= censorship and false info US and European govts. gained power Controlled economies Propaganda= censorship and false info

Trampled on Civil Rights

Women replaced men in factories

Intermission