Chapter 1 Introduction to Adapted Physical Education and Sport 1 Introduction to Adapted Physical Education and Sport Joseph P. Winnick C H A P T E R

Adapted Physical Education Adapted physical education is an individualized program of physical and motor fitness, fundamental motor skills and patterns, and skills in aquatics, dance, individual and group games, and sports that is designed to meet the unique needs of individuals.

Key Features of Adapted Physical Education Individualized Long-term Active Meets unique needs

Empowering Gain control of their lives Have power equal to others Mutual relationship get rid of that powering over them Develop them to develop a unique friendship/relationship Feel responsible for self and others

Components Adaptation: Assessing and managing variables and services to meet unique needs and achieve desired outcomes. Considers variables that can be changed, tasks, persons, and environment. Modification: Alter or lower the criteria that the student must meet in order to be considered successful Accommodation: Providing access, removing barriers, or minimizing limitations in order to facilitate a student’s achievement of the same goals as peers Supports: Supplementary resources and aids that are provided to enable students with disabilities to be educated with nondisabled peers

Adaptation Theory Adaptation theory is a grand theory It Guides everyday thinking about beliefs, attitudes, intentions, and actions associated with Adapted Physical Activity Changes in knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, intentions, and actions lead to learning

Plans Associated With Adapted Physical Education Individualized education program (IEP) Individualized family service plan (IFSP) Individualized physical education program (IPEP)

Adapted Sport... is sport modified or created to meet the unique needs of individuals. It is also adaptive which means it is on going adaptability by both people your working with and also by yourself

Inclusion Inclusion means educating students with and without disabilities within the same environment.

Important Points About Inclusion Inclusion is a powerful education movement rather than a legal mandate. Inclusion is based on the belief that a separate education is not an equal education. (continued)

Laws Canadian Charter of Rights Canadian Human Rights Act Ontario Human Rights Act Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act, 2005 Ontario Disability Support Program Act

Definitions Definitions Impairments -problems in body functions and structures, disabilities-activity limitations, restrictions - barriers to participation caused by person- environments interactions, and handicaps- A term no longer used quadriplegia -all four limbs, the trunk, and many organ functions, like blood pressure and respiration paraplegia-the lower limbs and depending on the level of damage, the trunk and alterations of organ functions

Definitions (cont)  Diplegia and triplegia -conditions where two or three limbs are more involved than the others. Hemiplegia-loss of sensation and or movement on either the right or the left side of the body. Functional walking- refers to ability to walk with assistive devices like crutches, walkers, and canes Prosthesis- refers to an external artificial body part. Orthosis - refers to a brace or a splint.

Time-of-Onset Concerns in Sport Congenital - present at birth Acquired - occurs after birth Why does the time of onset matter? Reflects sport socialization and experiences that influence self-esteem and self- actualization

Least Restrictive Environment Education in the least restrictive environment (LRE) means that individuals with disabilities are educated with individuals who are not disabled, and special classes, separate schooling, or other removal of children with disabilities from the regular physical education environment occurs only when the nature of the child’s disability is such that education in regular classes with the use of supplementary aids and services cannot be achieved satisfactorily

Special Education The term special education means specially designed instruction at no cost to parents or guardians to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability, including instruction conducted in the classroom, in the home, in hospitals and institutions, in other settings, and in physical education

Related Services The term related services means transportation and such developmental, corrective, and other supportive services required to assist a child with a disability to benefit from special education (continued)

Related Services (continued) Related services include speech-language pathology and audiology services, psychological services, physical and occupational therapy, recreation (including therapeutic recreation), early identification and assessment of disabilities in children, counseling services (including rehabilitation counseling), orientation and mobility services, and medical services for diagnostic and evaluation purposes. (continued)

Related Services (continued) Related services also include school health services, social work services in schools, and parent counseling and training.

Physical Education Physical and motor fitness Fundamental motor skills and patterns Skills in aquatics, dance, individual and group games, and sports (including intramural and lifetime sports) In IDEA, the term physical education means the development of the following:

Determining 1.You Can you do it – competency 2.Client Can the client do it Will clients needs be met 3.Environment Will the facility accommodate your needs