LAPP Introduction Catherine ADLOFF for Yannis KARYOTAKIS

LAPP short history 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors : Lapp was founded by physicists from Paris and Orsay wishing to live closer to CERN. Most experiments at CERN (one at the Bugey Nuclear power) 1976: Lapp was founded by physicists from Paris and Orsay wishing to live closer to CERN. Most experiments at CERN (one at the Bugey Nuclear power) : Still many experiments at CERN (LHC) New field of astroparticles: gravitational waves, high energy cosmic rays, search for anti-matter Many experiments or R&D in far away places: Italy (OPERA, VIRGO), Namibia (HESS), Japan (ATF2), international space station (AMS) 2012: Still many experiments at CERN (LHC) New field of astroparticles: gravitational waves, high energy cosmic rays, search for anti-matter Many experiments or R&D in far away places: Italy (OPERA, VIRGO), Namibia (HESS), Japan (ATF2), international space station (AMS) 1976

LAPP in a nutshell 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 3 63 physicists (including 10 PHD students and 9 post-docs) In several large international collaborations working on accelerators (ATLAS and LHCb on the LHC at CERN, OPERA in Gran Sasso), astroparticle experiments (Virgo, AMS, HESS, CTA) and R&D: LC detectors (MICROMEGAS chambers), magnet stabilization for future accelerators, (LAVISTA/ATF2), instrumentation for accelerators (CLIC), … 78 engineers, technicians and administrative staff In three technical services: mechanics, electronics and computing Specific skills in automatics, microelectronics, slow control, data acquisition and Grid computing. T2/T3 LCG node and computing platform for Université de Savoie research labs (MUST)

Theoretical physics 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 4 LAPP also hosts a large [~33 researchers] theoretical physics laboratory, LAPTH Together, the two labs have created CIPHEA, which invites every year foreign experimentalists and theorists working in the field of LHC physics, dark matter, etc.. (~10 visitors / Yr)

ATLAS Detector at LHC (CERN) 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 5 22 m height, 44 m long, ~ 7000 tonnes Assembly of several sub-detectots LAPP: Electromagnetic calorimeter and its electronics Tracker services (upgrade) Higgs boson search Higgs boson search Search of new particles which are not part of the actual particle physics Standard Model Search of new particles which are not part of the actual particle physics Standard Model LHC ATLAS

AMS Detector on the ISS 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 6 ECAL assembly in clean room at LAPP International Space Station Calorimètre Plomb-Scintillateur. Poids:  630 kg AMS Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer Cosmic rays (composition and energy distribution) Cosmic rays (composition and energy distribution) Antimatter search Antimatter search Dark Matter search Dark Matter search 3 m height, 3 m large, ~ 8500 kg! Assembly of several sub-detectors LAPP: ECAL PM and its electronics ECAL Photomultiplier and its electronics

R&D on Calorimeter Hadronic calorimeter for Linear Colliders  Particle Flow Algorithms : jet resolution  Ej /E j = 0.3/√E j (GeV) depends on : – track-shower matching – shower separation 3000 m 2 of active area Our choice : Large area MICROMEGAS with embedded electronics 3 thresholds readout : Semi-Digital HCAL 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 7 Imaging calorimeters: Compact showers High granularity

MICROMEGAS for a SDHCAL 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 8 8 Characteristics: – Proportional mode – Bulk-MICROMEGAS – 1 cm 2 cell readout – embedded readout electronics (3 thresholds) – Operating at low voltage < 500 V – High detection rate – Robust, cheap (industrial process possible) – Thickness: down to 6 mm Prototype basic performances – MIP most probable value : ~20fC – At 1.5 fC threshold : Efficiency > 97%, channel disparity < 1% Multiplicity < 1.1 – Excellent behaviour in electromagnetic and hadronic showers μ: 200 GeV TB 2008 JINST_4_P11023 Deposited charged (fC) Number of events e: 2 GeV TB 2009 MPGD09 Number of absorbers Number of hits

MICROMEGAS for a SDHCAL 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 9 1m 2 MICROMEGAS layer: 9216 pads of 1 cm 2 (2% dead areas) 6 independent bulks (TE-MPE-EM at CERN) 7 mm total thickness + 2 mm stainless steel fits in SS and W CALICE structures. Prototype with MICROROC chip Non-flammable mixture Ar/CF4/iC4H10 95/3/2 2 weeks operation in August 2011 (SPS) with less than 10 HV trips, no dead channels 10 days in GRPC-DHCAL in October 2011 (SPS) Efficiency = 98 %, hit multiplicity = 1.15, Noise = 0.1 Hz for the complete 1m 2 Response in hadronic showers, triggerless mode 4 MICROMEGAS layers expected this year

Our Competences Large area MICROMEGAS Sparks protection ASIC design High density PCB designed Data Acquisition (hardware, firmware and software) Data analysis software 26/04/2012 Industry-Academia Matching Event on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors 10 MICROROC chip 24 chips PCB