12/14/09

1. What do you eat to get energy? 2. What type of biological molecule has the longest lasting energy? 3. What type of biological molecule has the shortest lasting energy?

 How are some of the organic molecules that we have learned about relate to energy use?  How are some forms of transport related to energy use?  How are some of the organelles we have learned about related to energy?

 Lipids and Carbohydrate organic molecules function as the quick storage of energy!

 Active transport uses energy to pump molecules and particles from low concentration to high concentrations!  How is active transport used in the body to continue homeostasis?

 Active Transport uses energy to keep our bodies stable in the following examples”  Pumping waste out of our cells  Producing more energy in cellular respiration  How about using our energy to maintain a balance things like food, water, mates?

 Chloroplasts in plants  Uses energy in the cell to make glucose!  Sun  glucose  Mitochondria in plants and animals (Euks)  Uses the glucose consumed (animals) or made (plants) to make energy in the form of ATP!

 Heat =  Light =  Chemical =  Usable =

1. What do you eat to get energy? Food (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids) 2. What type of biological molecule has the longest lasting energy? Lipids 3. What type of biological molecule has the shortest lasting energy? Carbohydrates

 What did we say metabolism was?

Remember that we said:  Organisms need to get energy from the environment to survive.  Metabolism is how organisms get energy, use energy and dispose of waste by- products.

 Bio = Life  Energetics = properties of energy  Reactions = a process that results in a product from reactant substances  Reactant + reactant  product(s)

How do living things get and use energy?

 All energy on Earth comes from the sun

 Autotrophs store energy from the sun in matter in a process called photosynthesis.  Autotrophs are also called producers.

 Heterotrophs get their energy by eating autotrophs.  Heterotrophs are also called consumers.

 Both autotrophs and heterotrophs release the potential energy stored in matter by cell respiration.

CO2O2 = Storing energy = Releasing energy

Energy from the sun is captured by chloroplasts Mitochondria change the energy made by the chloroplasts into fuel for the grass to grow. The bunny eats the grass for energy

 There are 2 types of bioenergetic reactions we will explore:  Changing light energy (sunlight) into chemical energy (food energy). Sunlight → Food = __________________  Occurs in the ____________________________  Changing chemical energy (food energy) into usable energy (ATP). Food → ATP = ______________________ Occurs in the ____________________________

 Human sperm cells must move rapidly, often against gravity, in order to reach the egg before they die. Based on this information, which organelle would be more abundant in a sperm cell than a skin cell? A. chloroplasts B. ribosomes C. nuclei D. mitochondria

 Watch as Ms. Kuipers demonstrates the process of converting (changing) energy from food into a form that cells can use. In the space below, record what happens during her demonstration. (What important steps do you think you are observing?)

 Which form carried/stored the energy? ___________  Which form accepted the energy? ___________  How was the energy transferred? _______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____  How is energy stored (breaking or forming bonds)? ______________________  How is energy released (breaking or forming bonds)? ____________________ ATP (adenosine triphosphate)  TRI = _____  The molecule that cells use to ______________ and _____________ energy  ADP (adenosine diphosphate)  DI = _____  The molecule that cells use to ______________ energy  If a cell has _____________ amounts of extra energy it can store it by _____________ a phosphate group (P). Then the ATP will be stored for use for ______________.