FCAT Review 8 – Energy Transformations

1. What is energy? *energy is the ability or power to do work. *It’s what causes stuff to happen (Changes)

2. Types of energy *Potential energy – stored up energy, due to the shape or position of an object - energy waiting to be used

2. Types of energy *Kinetic energy – energy in the motion (or movement) of an object - the faster the object moves, the more kinetic energy it has

*Potential to Kinetic Energy - Energy being transformed between potential and kinetic energy and vice versa

*Potential to Kinetic Energy - Energy being transformed between potential and kinetic energy and vice versa

3. Forms of energy *Mechanical energy – energy that causes objects to move (pushes, pulls, twists, turns, throws, etc. )

3. Forms of energy *Thermal energy – heat energy due to the object’s particles in motion - The hotter an object, the more thermal energy it has - An ice cube has thermal energy, but very little

3. Forms of energy *Chemical energy – potential energy stored in chemical bonds -Examples are food, gasoline, oil, wood,

3. Forms of energy *Electrical energy – energy that comes from an electrical charge – examples are batteries, lightning, electrical socket

3. Forms of energy *Light energy – energy we can see

4. How is energy transformed? *Energy transformation – a change from one form of energy to another -All forms of energy can change from one form to another What are some examples we can make from this restaurant scene?

*Single transformation – energy changing to only one other form The windmill blades turning (mechanical energy) converts to electrical energy. The solar panel converting heat energy to electrical energy.

*Single transformation – energy changing to only one other form - Food (chemical energy) transformed into energy needed to move your body (mechanical energy)

*Multiple transformation – a series of changes needed to do work (make something happen) - Riding a bicycle requires chemical energy to transform into mechanical energy (pedaling) to move the bicycle (mechanical energy)

- Battery (chemical energy) transformed into electrical energy to power the light bulb (light and heat energy). *Multiple transformation – a series of changes needed to do work (make something happen)

5. Law of Conservation of Energy - As energy is being transformed, it cannot be created or destroyed, only conserved (changed.)

Wrap-up From the photo below, identify and explain energy transformations taking place.